{"id":118042,"date":"2023-04-27T03:09:34","date_gmt":"2023-04-27T10:09:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/how-is-raw-silk-fabric-made\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T10:34:44","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T18:34:44","slug":"how-is-raw-silk-fabric-made","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/how-is-raw-silk-fabric-made\/","title":{"rendered":"Od kokonu k l\u00e1tce: Tajemstv\u00ed v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1b\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, materi\u00e1l op\u0159eden\u00fd luxusem a tajemstv\u00edm, fascinuje lidstvo po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed.  Jeho jemnost, lesk a odolnost z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed vyhled\u00e1vanou l\u00e1tku pro od\u011bvy i bytov\u00e9 dekorace.  Ale jak se vlastn\u011b toto p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed vl\u00e1kno, surov\u00fd hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, vyr\u00e1b\u00ed?  V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se pono\u0159\u00edme do fascinuj\u00edc\u00edho procesu v\u00fdroby surov\u00e9ho hedv\u00e1b\u00ed od chovu bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho a\u017e po kone\u010dnou \u00fapravu vl\u00e1ken.<\/p>\n<h3>Chov bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho<\/h3>\n<p>Bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho (Bombyx mori) jsou  nen\u00e1padn\u00ed mot\u00fdli, jejich\u017e larvy produkuj\u00ed hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno.  Chov t\u011bchto larev, tzv. serikultura, je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm krokem v cel\u00e9m procesu.  Larvy se \u017eiv\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b listy moru\u0161e b\u00edl\u00e9 a proch\u00e1zej\u00ed n\u011bkolika st\u00e1dii v\u00fdvoje, ne\u017e se zakukl\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Tvorba kokonu<\/h3>\n<p>Kdy\u017e je larva p\u0159ipravena k zakuklen\u00ed, za\u010dne produkovat hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno z dvojice slinn\u00fdch \u017el\u00e1z.  Vl\u00e1kno se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z proteinu fibroinu a sericinu, kter\u00fd mu dod\u00e1v\u00e1 lesk a pru\u017enost.  Larva se obal\u00ed vl\u00e1knem a vytvo\u0159\u00ed si ochrann\u00fd kokon, uvnit\u0159 kter\u00e9ho se prom\u011bn\u00ed v kuklu.<\/p>\n<h3>Sklize\u0148 kokon\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>Kokony se skl\u00edzej\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se z kukly vyl\u00edhne mot\u00fdl.  To zabra\u0148uje po\u0161kozen\u00ed kontinuity vl\u00e1kna.  Kokony se t\u0159\u00edd\u00ed podle velikosti, tvaru a barvy.<\/p>\n<h3>Nav\u00edjen\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Proces nav\u00edjen\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed z kokon\u016f se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 filatura.  Kokony se pono\u0159\u00ed do hork\u00e9 vody, aby se rozpustil sericin a uvolnila se hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna.  N\u011bkolik vl\u00e1ken z r\u016fzn\u00fdch kokon\u016f se pak nav\u00edj\u00ed dohromady a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se tak surov\u00fd hedv\u00e1bn\u00fd filament.  Po\u010det vl\u00e1ken ur\u010duje tlou\u0161\u0165ku v\u00fdsledn\u00e9ho hedv\u00e1b\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Su\u0161en\u00ed a balen\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Navinut\u00e9 hedv\u00e1b\u00ed se su\u0161\u00ed, aby se odstranila zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed vlhkost.  N\u00e1sledn\u011b se bal\u00ed do svazk\u016f nebo c\u00edvek a je p\u0159ipraveno k dal\u0161\u00edmu zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, jako je barven\u00ed a tkan\u00ed.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>F\u00e1ze v\u00fdroby<\/th>\n<th>Popis<\/th>\n<th>Doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Chov bource<\/td>\n<td>Od vyl\u00edhnut\u00ed larvy po zakuklen\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>4-6 t\u00fddn\u016f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tvorba kokonu<\/td>\n<td>Obdob\u00ed, kdy larva vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed kokon<\/td>\n<td>2-3 dny<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sklize\u0148 kokon\u016f<\/td>\n<td>Sb\u011br kokon\u016f p\u0159ed vyl\u00edhnut\u00edm mot\u00fdla<\/td>\n<td>N\u011bkolik dn\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nav\u00edjen\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna z kokon\u016f<\/td>\n<td>Z\u00e1vis\u00ed na mno\u017estv\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Su\u0161en\u00ed a balen\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>P\u0159\u00edprava hedv\u00e1b\u00ed pro dal\u0161\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>N\u011bkolik hodin a\u017e dn\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>V\u00fdroba surov\u00e9ho hedv\u00e1b\u00ed je komplexn\u00ed proces, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje trp\u011blivost,  pe\u010dlivost a znalosti.  Od chovu bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho a\u017e po kone\u010dn\u00e9 su\u0161en\u00ed a balen\u00ed se ka\u017ed\u00e9 stadium v\u00fdroby pod\u00edl\u00ed na v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 kvalit\u011b hedv\u00e1b\u00ed.  A pr\u00e1v\u011b tato n\u00e1ro\u010dnost a kr\u00e1sa p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho vl\u00e1kna \u010din\u00ed z hedv\u00e1b\u00ed tak cen\u011bn\u00fd materi\u00e1l.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, materi\u00e1l op\u0159eden\u00fd luxusem a tajemstv\u00edm, fascinuje lidstvo po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed. Jeho jemnost, lesk a odolnost z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed vyhled\u00e1vanou l\u00e1tku pro od\u011bvy i bytov\u00e9 dekorace. Ale jak se vlastn\u011b toto p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed vl\u00e1kno, surov\u00fd hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, vyr\u00e1b\u00ed? V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se pono\u0159\u00edme do fascinuj\u00edc\u00edho procesu v\u00fdroby surov\u00e9ho hedv\u00e1b\u00ed od chovu bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho a\u017e po kone\u010dnou \u00fapravu vl\u00e1ken.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":101359,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37823],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118042","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faqs-cs","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118042","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118042"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118042\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/101359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118042"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118042"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118042"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}