{"id":119042,"date":"2023-04-15T16:43:20","date_gmt":"2023-04-15T23:43:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/how-do-we-get-silk-from-silkworm\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T10:34:39","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T18:34:39","slug":"how-do-we-get-silk-from-silkworm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/how-do-we-get-silk-from-silkworm\/","title":{"rendered":"Od bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho k hedv\u00e1b\u00ed: fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed proces"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, luxusn\u00ed a leskl\u00e1 tkanina, fascinuje lidstvo po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed.  Jeho p\u016fvod je v\u0161ak p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b prost\u00fd: poch\u00e1z\u00ed z mal\u00e9ho, nen\u00e1padn\u00e9ho tvora \u2013 bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho. Proces z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed z kokonu bource je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed a komplexn\u00ed, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed pe\u010dlivou p\u00e9\u010di o housenky i precizn\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1ken.<\/p>\n<h3>\u017divotn\u00ed cyklus bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho<\/h3>\n<p>Bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho (Bombyx mori) proch\u00e1z\u00ed b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota \u010dty\u0159mi stadii: vaj\u00ed\u010dko, larva (housenka), kukla a dosp\u011blec (mot\u00fdl). Pro produkci hedv\u00e1b\u00ed je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 stadium larvy. Housenky se \u017eiv\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b listy moru\u0161e b\u00edl\u00e9 a pro\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed obdob\u00ed intenzivn\u00edho r\u016fstu.<\/p>\n<h3>Tvorba kokonu<\/h3>\n<p>Po n\u011bkolika svl\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00edch za\u010dne housenka produkovat hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno z \u00fastn\u00edch \u017el\u00e1z. Vl\u00e1kno je tvo\u0159eno fibroinem, proteinem, kter\u00fd na vzduchu tuhne. Housenka se obal\u00ed t\u00edmto vl\u00e1knem a vytvo\u0159\u00ed si ochrann\u00fd kokon, uvnit\u0159 kter\u00e9ho se prom\u011bn\u00ed v kuklu.  Cel\u00fd proces trv\u00e1 n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed a housenka b\u011bhem n\u011bj vytvo\u0159\u00ed a\u017e kilometr dlouh\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno.<\/p>\n<h3>Sklize\u0148 kokon\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>Kokony se skl\u00edzej\u00ed, ne\u017e se z nich vyl\u00edhne mot\u00fdl. Vyl\u00edhnut\u00ed by toti\u017e po\u0161kodilo celistvost vl\u00e1kna. Kokony se obvykle sb\u00edraj\u00ed ru\u010dn\u011b a t\u0159\u00edd\u00ed se podle velikosti a kvality.<\/p>\n<h3>Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed kokon\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>K z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna se kokony zah\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed, nej\u010dast\u011bji v hork\u00e9 vod\u011b nebo p\u00e1\u0159e.  T\u00edm se rozpust\u00ed sericin, lepidlo, kter\u00e9 dr\u017e\u00ed vl\u00e1kna pohromad\u011b.  N\u00e1sledn\u011b se vl\u00e1kna z n\u011bkolika kokon\u016f spoj\u00ed a nav\u00edjej\u00ed na c\u00edvky.  Tento proces se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 odmot\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Tkan\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Navinut\u00e1 hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna se d\u00e1le zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed a upravuj\u00ed.  Mohou se barvit p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi nebo syntetick\u00fdmi barvivy.  Nakonec se vl\u00e1kna tkaj\u00ed do hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky na speci\u00e1ln\u00edch stavech.<\/p>\n<h3>R\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Existuje n\u011bkolik druh\u016f hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se li\u0161\u00ed kvalitou, leskem a texturou.  Rozd\u00edly jsou d\u00e1ny druhem bource, jeho stravou a zp\u016fsobem zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Druh hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/th>\n<th>Charakteristika<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Moru\u0161ov\u00e9 hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed druh, jemn\u00e9, leskl\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tussah hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Hrub\u0161\u00ed, m\u00e9n\u011b leskl\u00e9, z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 se z divoce \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch bourc\u016f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Eri hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 se bez usmrcen\u00ed kukly, m\u00e9n\u011b leskl\u00e9, matn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed z bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho je slo\u017eit\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje trp\u011blivost, zku\u0161enosti a respekt k p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b.  Od drobn\u00e9 housenky a\u017e po luxusn\u00ed l\u00e1tku,  hedv\u00e1b\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed spojen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody a lidsk\u00e9 ingenuity.  Jeho unik\u00e1tn\u00ed vlastnosti a kr\u00e1sa si pr\u00e1vem zaslou\u017e\u00ed obdiv a uzn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, luxusn\u00ed a leskl\u00e1 tkanina, fascinuje lidstvo po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed. Jeho p\u016fvod je v\u0161ak p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b prost\u00fd: poch\u00e1z\u00ed z mal\u00e9ho, nen\u00e1padn\u00e9ho tvora \u2013 bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho. Proces z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed z kokonu bource je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed a komplexn\u00ed, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed pe\u010dlivou p\u00e9\u010di o housenky i precizn\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1ken. \u017divotn\u00ed cyklus bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho Bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho (Bombyx mori) proch\u00e1z\u00ed b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota \u010dty\u0159mi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":49179,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37831],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119042","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sericulture-cs","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119042","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119042"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119042\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49179"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119042"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119042"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119042"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}