{"id":119098,"date":"2023-04-15T09:04:26","date_gmt":"2023-04-15T16:04:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/how-silk-was-discovered\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T10:35:23","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T18:35:23","slug":"how-silk-was-discovered","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/how-silk-was-discovered\/","title":{"rendered":"Odhalen\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, materi\u00e1l s v\u00fdjime\u010dnou jemnost\u00ed a leskem, fascinuje lidstvo po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed. Jeho objev je op\u0159eden legendami a tajemstv\u00edm, kter\u00e9 se postupn\u011b rozpl\u00e9t\u00e1 d\u00edky archeologick\u00fdm n\u00e1lez\u016fm a historick\u00fdm z\u00e1znam\u016fm. Poch\u00e1z\u00ed z d\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u010c\u00edny a jeho cesta k odhalen\u00ed je fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem o n\u00e1hod\u011b, pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a inovaci.<\/p>\n

Legenda o c\u00edsa\u0159ovn\u011b Leizu a vzniku hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o objevu hedv\u00e1b\u00ed se v\u00e1\u017ee k postav\u011b c\u00edsa\u0159ovny Leizu, man\u017eelky \u017dlut\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e, mytologick\u00e9ho panovn\u00edka, kter\u00fd vl\u00e1dl \u010c\u00edn\u011b kolem roku 2700 p\u0159. n. l. Legenda vypr\u00e1v\u00ed, jak c\u00edsa\u0159ovna pop\u00edjela \u010daj pod moru\u0161ovn\u00edkem, kdy\u017e j\u00ed do \u0161\u00e1lku spadl kokon. P\u0159i pokusu ho vylovit se kokon za\u010dal rozpl\u00e9tat na jemn\u00e9, leskl\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno. C\u00edsa\u0159ovna byla okouzlena jeho kr\u00e1sou a zjistila, \u017ee se d\u00e1 sp\u0159\u00e1dat do nit\u00ed a tk\u00e1t z n\u011bj l\u00e1tky. Tak se zrodila v\u00fdroba hedv\u00e1b\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Archeologick\u00e9 d\u016fkazy a ran\u00e1 historie hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n

A\u010dkoliv je p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o Leizu pouhou legendou, archeologick\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee hedv\u00e1b\u00ed se v \u010c\u00edn\u011b skute\u010dn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvalo ji\u017e v obdob\u00ed neolitu. Fragmenty hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 tkaniny byly objeveny v hrobk\u00e1ch z lokality Jiahu, kter\u00e9 se datuj\u00ed do 7. tis\u00edcilet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee proces v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1b\u00ed byl zn\u00e1m d\u00e1vno p\u0159ed dobou c\u00edsa\u0159ovny Leizu.<\/p>\n

Odhalen\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Po stalet\u00ed si \u010c\u00edna st\u0159e\u017eila tajemstv\u00ed v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1b\u00ed jako oko v hlav\u011b. Chov bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed jeho kokon\u016f bylo p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b st\u0159e\u017een\u00fdm tajemstv\u00edm, jeho\u017e prozrazen\u00ed se trestalo smrt\u00ed. Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed se stalo cenn\u00fdm obchodn\u00edm artiklem a jeho export po Hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 stezce p\u0159inesl \u010c\u00edn\u011b bohatstv\u00ed a moc.<\/p>\n

Tabulka: F\u00e1ze v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
F\u00e1ze<\/th>\nPopis<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1. Chov bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho<\/td>\nHousenky bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho se \u017eiv\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b listy moru\u0161e.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2. Tvo\u0159en\u00ed kokonu<\/td>\nDosp\u011bl\u00e1 housenka se zakukl\u00ed a vytvo\u0159\u00ed kokon z hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3. Sklize\u0148 kokon\u016f<\/td>\nKokony se sb\u00edraj\u00ed a zah\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed, aby se usmrtily kukly uvnit\u0159.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4. Nam\u00e1\u010den\u00ed kokon\u016f<\/td>\nKokony se nam\u00e1\u010dej\u00ed v hork\u00e9 vod\u011b, aby se rozpustilo lepidlo, kter\u00e9 dr\u017e\u00ed vl\u00e1kna pohromad\u011b.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5. Sp\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>\nHedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna se sp\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed do nit\u00ed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6. Tkan\u00ed<\/td>\nZ hedv\u00e1bn\u00fdch nit\u00ed se tk\u00e1 l\u00e1tka.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0160\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed do sv\u011bta<\/h3>\n

Navzdory p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdm opat\u0159en\u00edm se tajemstv\u00ed v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1b\u00ed postupn\u011b dostalo i do dal\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed sv\u011bta. Podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch zdroj\u016f se do Indie a Japonska dostalo ji\u017e ve 3. stolet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l. Do Evropy se hedv\u00e1b\u00ed dostalo mnohem pozd\u011bji, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v 6. stolet\u00ed n. l. A\u010dkoliv se dnes hedv\u00e1b\u00ed vyr\u00e1b\u00ed i v jin\u00fdch zem\u00edch, \u010c\u00edna si st\u00e1le udr\u017euje pozici nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho producenta tohoto luxusn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n

Objev hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, a\u0165 u\u017e byl d\u00edlem n\u00e1hody, \u010di d\u016fsledkem c\u00edlev\u011bdom\u00e9ho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, znamenal pro lidstvo v\u00fdznamn\u00fd krok vp\u0159ed. Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed se stalo nejen symbolem luxusu a bohatstv\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm obchodn\u00edm artiklem, kter\u00fd propojil r\u016fzn\u00e9 kultury a civilizace. Jeho jemnost a lesk dodnes okouzluj\u00ed a inspiruj\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o jeho objevu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 i nad\u00e1le fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm sv\u011bdectv\u00edm o lidsk\u00e9 vynal\u00e9zavosti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, materi\u00e1l s v\u00fdjime\u010dnou jemnost\u00ed a leskem, fascinuje lidstvo po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed. Jeho objev je op\u0159eden legendami a tajemstv\u00edm, kter\u00e9 se postupn\u011b rozpl\u00e9t\u00e1 d\u00edky archeologick\u00fdm n\u00e1lez\u016fm a historick\u00fdm z\u00e1znam\u016fm. Poch\u00e1z\u00ed z d\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u010c\u00edny a jeho cesta k odhalen\u00ed je fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem o n\u00e1hod\u011b, pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a inovaci. Legenda o c\u00edsa\u0159ovn\u011b Leizu a vzniku hedv\u00e1b\u00ed Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":84281,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37831],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119098","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sericulture-cs","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119098","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119098"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119098\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/84281"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119098"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119098"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119098"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}