{"id":119146,"date":"2023-04-14T21:37:33","date_gmt":"2023-04-15T04:37:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/how-to-make-silk-cloth\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T10:37:44","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T18:37:44","slug":"how-to-make-silk-cloth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/how-to-make-silk-cloth\/","title":{"rendered":"Od kokonu k hedv\u00e1b\u00ed: Pr\u016fvodce v\u00fdrobou"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, l\u00e1tka kr\u00e1l\u016f a c\u00edsa\u0159\u016f, fascinuje lidstvo po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed svou jemnost\u00ed, leskem a odolnost\u00ed. Jeho v\u00fdroba je komplexn\u00ed proces, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje trp\u011blivost, zru\u010dnost a hlubok\u00e9 znalosti. Od chovu bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho a\u017e po fin\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapravu tkaniny se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 za ka\u017ed\u00fdm metrem hedv\u00e1b\u00ed fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se detailn\u011b pod\u00edv\u00e1me na jednotliv\u00e9 kroky v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky.<\/p>\n

Chov bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho<\/h3>\n

Bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho (Bombyx mori) jsou nen\u00e1padn\u00ed mot\u00fdli, jejich\u017e larvy produkuj\u00ed hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno. Chov t\u011bchto larev, zvan\u00fd serikultura, je z\u00e1kladem cel\u00e9 v\u00fdroby. Larvy se \u017eiv\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b listy moru\u0161e b\u00edl\u00e9 a v pr\u016fb\u011bhu sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje se n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t svl\u00e9kaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Tvorba kokonu<\/h3>\n

Po dosa\u017een\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 velikosti se larva za\u010dne kuklit. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed si kolem sebe ochrann\u00fd kokon z jedin\u00e9ho nep\u0159eru\u0161en\u00e9ho hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna, jeho\u017e d\u00e9lka m\u016f\u017ee dosahovat a\u017e 900 metr\u016f. Toto vl\u00e1kno je tvo\u0159eno dv\u011bma proteiny, fibroinem a sericinem.<\/p>\n

Sklize\u0148 kokon\u016f<\/h3>\n

Kokony se skl\u00edzej\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se z nich vyl\u00edhne mot\u00fdl. Tento proces je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd pro zachov\u00e1n\u00ed celistvosti hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna. Kokony se zah\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed, aby se kukla uvnit\u0159 usmrtila.<\/p>\n

Odv\u00edjen\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n

N\u00e1sleduje odv\u00edjen\u00ed hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna z kokon\u016f, tzv. filatura. Kokony se pono\u0159\u00ed do hork\u00e9 vody, kter\u00e1 rozpou\u0161t\u00ed sericin a umo\u017e\u0148uje odd\u011blen\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken. N\u011bkolik vl\u00e1ken se pak sp\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 dohromady, aby se vytvo\u0159ila siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edze.<\/p>\n

Barven\u00ed a \u00faprava<\/h3>\n

Hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edze se n\u00e1sledn\u011b barv\u00ed a upravuje. Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed snadno absorbuje barviva a lze jej barvit na \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu odst\u00edn\u016f. Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 techniky barven\u00ed, od tradi\u010dn\u00edch metod s p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi barvivy a\u017e po modern\u00ed chemick\u00e9 procesy.<\/p>\n

Tkan\u00ed hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky<\/h3>\n

Zabarven\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edze se pak tk\u00e1 na speci\u00e1ln\u00edch stavech, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 l\u00e1tka. Existuje mnoho druh\u016f hedv\u00e1bn\u00fdch tkanin, kter\u00e9 se li\u0161\u00ed vazbou, hustotou a povrchovou \u00fapravou. Nap\u0159\u00edklad sat\u00e9n, krepde\u0161\u00edn, organza a taft jsou jen n\u011bkter\u00e9 z mnoha variant.<\/p>\n

Druhy hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Druh hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/th>\nPopis<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Mulb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/td>\nNejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed druh, poch\u00e1z\u00ed z bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho chovan\u00e9ho na moru\u0161i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tussah hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/td>\nDivok\u00e9 hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, hrub\u0161\u00ed a tmav\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e mulb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Eri hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/td>\nZ\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 se z kokon\u016f, ze kter\u00fdch se mot\u00fdl vyl\u00edhne, vl\u00e1kno je proto krat\u0161\u00ed a m\u00e9n\u011b leskl\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

V\u00fdroba hedv\u00e1b\u00ed je slo\u017eit\u00fd a \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje zna\u010dn\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a preciznost. Od chovu bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho a\u017e po fin\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapravu tkaniny se snoub\u00ed tradice s modern\u00edmi technologiemi. V\u00fdsledkem je luxusn\u00ed materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd si po stalet\u00ed udr\u017euje sv\u00e9 v\u00fdsadn\u00ed postaven\u00ed v textiln\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, l\u00e1tka kr\u00e1l\u016f a c\u00edsa\u0159\u016f, fascinuje lidstvo po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed svou jemnost\u00ed, leskem a odolnost\u00ed. Jeho v\u00fdroba je komplexn\u00ed proces, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje trp\u011blivost, zru\u010dnost a hlubok\u00e9 znalosti. Od chovu bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho a\u017e po fin\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapravu tkaniny se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 za ka\u017ed\u00fdm metrem hedv\u00e1b\u00ed fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se detailn\u011b pod\u00edv\u00e1me na jednotliv\u00e9 kroky v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":49179,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37831],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sericulture-cs","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119146","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119146"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119146\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49179"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119146"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119146"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119146"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}