{"id":119250,"date":"2023-04-13T15:14:40","date_gmt":"2023-04-13T22:14:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/how-a-silkworm-makes-silk\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T10:34:30","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T18:34:30","slug":"how-a-silkworm-makes-silk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/how-a-silkworm-makes-silk\/","title":{"rendered":"Od housenky k hedv\u00e1b\u00ed: Tajemstv\u00ed tvorby vl\u00e1kna"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, luxusn\u00ed a leskl\u00fd materi\u00e1l, je produktem fascinuj\u00edc\u00edho tvora \u2013 bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho. Tento nen\u00e1padn\u00fd hmyz, ve skute\u010dnosti larva mot\u00fdla Bombyx mori, produkuje hedv\u00e1b\u00ed po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed, a proces jeho tvorby je skute\u010dn\u00fdm z\u00e1zrakem p\u0159\u00edrody. Poj\u010fme se bl\u00ed\u017ee pod\u00edvat na to, jak tento mal\u00fd tvor dok\u00e1\u017ee vytvo\u0159it tak \u00fachvatn\u00fd materi\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

\u017divotn\u00ed cyklus bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho<\/h3>\n

Bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho proch\u00e1z\u00ed kompletn\u00ed metamorf\u00f3zou, od vaj\u00ed\u010dka p\u0159es larvu a kuklu a\u017e po dosp\u011bl\u00e9ho mot\u00fdla. Produkce hedv\u00e1b\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 ve st\u00e1diu larvy, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b b\u011bhem posledn\u00edho instaru, kdy se larva p\u0159ipravuje na zakuklen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Tvorba hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Snovac\u00ed \u017el\u00e1zy: Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed je produkov\u00e1no ve dvojici snovac\u00edch \u017el\u00e1z, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed po stran\u00e1ch larvy. Tyto \u017el\u00e1zy produkuj\u00ed tekut\u00fd protein zvan\u00fd fibroin.<\/li>\n
  2. Sericin: Krom\u011b fibroinu produkuj\u00ed \u017el\u00e1zy tak\u00e9 sericin, lepkavou l\u00e1tku, kter\u00e1 oba proteiny spojuje a umo\u017e\u0148uje tvorbu vl\u00e1kna.<\/li>\n
  3. Snovac\u00ed bradavka: Tekut\u00fd fibroin a sericin proch\u00e1z\u00ed snovac\u00ed bradavkou, mal\u00fdm otvorem na spodn\u00ed stran\u011b hlavy larvy. Zde se tekutina z obou \u017el\u00e1z spojuje a tuhne p\u0159i kontaktu se vzduchem, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno.<\/li>\n
  4. Kukla: Larva se obal\u00ed hedv\u00e1bn\u00fdm vl\u00e1knem a vytvo\u0159\u00ed si ochrann\u00fd obal \u2013 kuklu. Uvnit\u0159 kukly se larva prom\u011bn\u00ed v mot\u00fdla.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Slo\u017een\u00ed hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Slo\u017eka<\/th>\nFunkce<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Fibroin<\/td>\nZ\u00e1kladn\u00ed stavebn\u00ed protein, dod\u00e1v\u00e1 vl\u00e1knu pevnost a lesk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Sericin<\/td>\nLepkav\u00e1 b\u00edlkovina, spojuje vl\u00e1kna a chr\u00e1n\u00ed kuklu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n

    Pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed se kukly zah\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed, aby se usmrtila larva uvnit\u0159 a rozpustil sericin. Vl\u00e1kna se pak odmot\u00e1vaj\u00ed a sp\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed do hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edze. Jeden kokon m\u016f\u017ee obsahovat a\u017e 900 metr\u016f hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna.<\/p>\n

    Vlastnosti hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n

    Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed je cen\u011bno pro svou jemnost, lesk, pevnost a termoregula\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti. Je hypoalergenn\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 na dotek, co\u017e z n\u011bj d\u011bl\u00e1 ide\u00e1ln\u00ed materi\u00e1l pro od\u011bvy a dal\u0161\u00ed textiln\u00ed v\u00fdrobky.<\/p>\n

    Bource moru\u0161ov\u00fd, zd\u00e1nliv\u011b oby\u010dejn\u00fd hmyz, je schopen produkovat materi\u00e1l s v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdmi vlastnostmi. Proces tvorby hedv\u00e1b\u00ed je slo\u017eit\u00fd a fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed, a v\u00fdsledn\u00fd produkt je d\u016fkazem dokonalosti p\u0159\u00edrody. Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed si po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed udr\u017euje sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto mezi nejluxusn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi materi\u00e1ly a jeho popularita st\u00e1le trv\u00e1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, luxusn\u00ed a leskl\u00fd materi\u00e1l, je produktem fascinuj\u00edc\u00edho tvora \u2013 bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho. Tento nen\u00e1padn\u00fd hmyz, ve skute\u010dnosti larva mot\u00fdla Bombyx mori, produkuje hedv\u00e1b\u00ed po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed, a proces jeho tvorby je skute\u010dn\u00fdm z\u00e1zrakem p\u0159\u00edrody. Poj\u010fme se bl\u00ed\u017ee pod\u00edvat na to, jak tento mal\u00fd tvor dok\u00e1\u017ee vytvo\u0159it tak \u00fachvatn\u00fd materi\u00e1l. \u017divotn\u00ed cyklus bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho Bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho proch\u00e1z\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":89672,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37831],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sericulture-cs","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119250","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119250"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119250\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89672"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119250"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119250"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}