{"id":119306,"date":"2023-04-13T08:02:31","date_gmt":"2023-04-13T15:02:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/where-did-silk-come-from\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T10:45:48","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T18:45:48","slug":"where-did-silk-come-from","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/where-did-silk-come-from\/","title":{"rendered":"Od hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna k luxusn\u00ed l\u00e1tce: P\u016fvod hedv\u00e1b\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, luxusn\u00ed a jemn\u00e1 tkanina, kter\u00e1 po stalet\u00ed zdob\u00ed od\u011bvy panovn\u00edk\u016f i oby\u010dejn\u00fdch lid\u00ed, m\u00e1 fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed historii sahaj\u00edc\u00ed tis\u00edce let zp\u011bt. Jeho p\u016fvod je op\u0159eden legendami a tajemstv\u00edm, ale dnes u\u017e v\u00edme, odkud tento vz\u00e1cn\u00fd materi\u00e1l poch\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Objev hedv\u00e1b\u00ed v \u010c\u00edn\u011b<\/h3>\n

Podle legendy objevila hedv\u00e1b\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 c\u00edsa\u0159ovna Leizu kolem roku 2700 p\u0159. n. l., kdy\u017e j\u00ed do \u0161\u00e1lku \u010daje spadl kokon bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho. P\u0159i vytahov\u00e1n\u00ed kokonu si v\u0161imla jemn\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken, kter\u00e1 se odv\u00edjela. A\u0165 u\u017e je legenda pravdiv\u00e1, \u010di nikoli, je jist\u00e9, \u017ee \u010c\u00edna byla kol\u00e9bkou hedv\u00e1b\u00ed a po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed si pe\u010dliv\u011b st\u0159e\u017eila tajemstv\u00ed jeho v\u00fdroby.<\/p>\n

Bource moru\u0161ov\u00fd – tv\u016frce hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed produkuje larva bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho (Bombyx mori), mot\u00fdla z \u010deledi bourcovit\u00fdch. Housenky se \u017eiv\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b listy moru\u0161e b\u00edl\u00e9 a pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed kokonu, ze kter\u00e9ho se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, produkuj\u00ed jedin\u00e9 dlouh\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno.<\/p>\n

Proces v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Housenky bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho se chovaj\u00ed v kontrolovan\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed a krm\u00ed se listy moru\u0161e.<\/li>\n
  2. Po dosa\u017een\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 velikosti se housenky zakukl\u00ed a vytvo\u0159\u00ed kokon z hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna.<\/li>\n
  3. Kokony se sb\u00edraj\u00ed a zah\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed, aby se uvnit\u0159 usmrtily kukly a zabr\u00e1nilo se tak po\u0161kozen\u00ed vl\u00e1kna.<\/li>\n
  4. Hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno se z kokon\u016f odmot\u00e1v\u00e1 a n\u00e1sledn\u011b se z n\u011bj sp\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed nit\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 stezka a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n

    Po stalet\u00ed byla \u010c\u00edna jedin\u00fdm producentem hedv\u00e1b\u00ed a jeho v\u00fdroba byla p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b st\u0159e\u017een\u00fdm tajemstv\u00edm. Obchod s hedv\u00e1b\u00edm prob\u00edhal po tzv. Hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 stezce, s\u00edti obchodn\u00edch cest, kter\u00e9 spojovaly \u010c\u00ednu s Evropou a Bl\u00edzk\u00fdm v\u00fdchodem. D\u00edky Hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 stezce se hedv\u00e1b\u00ed stalo vyhled\u00e1van\u00fdm a luxusn\u00edm zbo\u017e\u00edm po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n

    Tabulka: Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed hedv\u00e1bnictv\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Oblast<\/th>\nObdob\u00ed<\/th>\nPozn\u00e1mka<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u010c\u00edna<\/td>\ncca 2700 p\u0159. n. l.<\/td>\nObjev a po\u010d\u00e1tky v\u00fdroby<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Korea a Japonsko<\/td>\ncca 300 n. l.<\/td>\nP\u0159enos technologie z \u010c\u00edny<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Indie<\/td>\ncca 400 n. l.<\/td>\nZaveden\u00ed hedv\u00e1bnictv\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Byzantsk\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e<\/td>\ncca 550 n. l.<\/td>\nPa\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed bourc\u016f moru\u0161ov\u00fdch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Evropa<\/td>\ncca 12. stolet\u00ed<\/td>\nRozvoj hedv\u00e1bnictv\u00ed v It\u00e1lii<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed v modern\u00ed dob\u011b<\/h3>\n

    Dnes se hedv\u00e1b\u00ed vyr\u00e1b\u00ed v mnoha zem\u00edch sv\u011bta, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v Asii. I kdy\u017e se objevily syntetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, hedv\u00e1b\u00ed si st\u00e1le zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u016fj status luxusn\u00ed a \u017e\u00e1dan\u00e9 tkaniny. Jeho jedine\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti, jako je lesk, jemnost a termoregulace, ho \u010din\u00ed i nad\u00e1le obl\u00edben\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem pro od\u011bvy, bytov\u00e9 dekorace a dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, symbol luxusu a elegance, m\u00e1 dlouhou a bohatou historii spojenou s \u010c\u00ednou a jej\u00ed kulturou. Od sv\u00e9ho objeven\u00ed a\u017e po dne\u0161ek si zachovalo sv\u00e9 v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 postaven\u00ed mezi textiliemi a i v modern\u00ed dob\u011b si nach\u00e1z\u00ed sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto v \u0161atn\u00edc\u00edch i interi\u00e9rech po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, luxusn\u00ed a jemn\u00e1 tkanina, kter\u00e1 po stalet\u00ed zdob\u00ed od\u011bvy panovn\u00edk\u016f i oby\u010dejn\u00fdch lid\u00ed, m\u00e1 fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed historii sahaj\u00edc\u00ed tis\u00edce let zp\u011bt. Jeho p\u016fvod je op\u0159eden legendami a tajemstv\u00edm, ale dnes u\u017e v\u00edme, odkud tento vz\u00e1cn\u00fd materi\u00e1l poch\u00e1z\u00ed. Objev hedv\u00e1b\u00ed v \u010c\u00edn\u011b Podle legendy objevila hedv\u00e1b\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 c\u00edsa\u0159ovna Leizu kolem roku 2700 p\u0159. n. l., kdy\u017e<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":49179,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37823],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faqs-cs","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119306","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119306"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119306\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49179"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}