{"id":119690,"date":"2023-04-08T14:40:26","date_gmt":"2023-04-08T21:40:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/where-does-silk-fabric-come-from\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T10:45:52","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T18:45:52","slug":"where-does-silk-fabric-come-from","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/where-does-silk-fabric-come-from\/","title":{"rendered":"Od kokonu k l\u00e1tce: P\u016fvod hedv\u00e1b\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, l\u00e1tka op\u0159eden\u00e1 luxusem a tajemstv\u00edm, fascinuje lidstvo po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed. Jeho jemnost, lesk a odolnost z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed materi\u00e1l vyhled\u00e1van\u00fd pro od\u011bvy, dopl\u0148ky i bytov\u00e9 dekorace. Ale odkud se vlastn\u011b toto vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno bere?  Poj\u010fme se spole\u010dn\u011b pono\u0159it do fascinuj\u00edc\u00edho sv\u011bta v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1b\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho a jeho kokon<\/h3>\n<p>Zdrojem hedv\u00e1b\u00ed je drobn\u00fd, nen\u00e1padn\u00fd hmyz \u2013 bourec moru\u0161ov\u00fd (Bombyx mori).  Tento mot\u00fdl, domestikovan\u00fd p\u0159ed tis\u00edci lety v \u010c\u00edn\u011b, se \u017eiv\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b listy moru\u0161e b\u00edl\u00e9.  B\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje proch\u00e1z\u00ed n\u011bkolika st\u00e1dii, od vaj\u00ed\u010dka p\u0159es larvu a\u017e po kuklu, kter\u00e1 je pro n\u00e1s kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1.  Uvnit\u0159 kukly, v ochrann\u00e9m obalu zvan\u00e9ho kokon, se larva prom\u011b\u0148uje v mot\u00fdla.  A pr\u00e1v\u011b tento kokon, tvo\u0159en\u00fd jedn\u00edm nep\u0159eru\u0161en\u00fdm vl\u00e1knem hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, je surovinou pro v\u00fdrobu t\u00e9to vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 tkaniny.<\/p>\n<h3>Proces z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed z kokon\u016f je delik\u00e1tn\u00ed proces. Kokony se nejprve zah\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed, aby se uvnit\u0159 usmrtila kukla a zabr\u00e1nilo se tak po\u0161kozen\u00ed vl\u00e1kna.  N\u00e1sledn\u011b se kokony nam\u00e1\u010dej\u00ed v hork\u00e9 vod\u011b, aby se rozpustilo lepidlo, kter\u00e9 dr\u017e\u00ed vl\u00e1kna pohromad\u011b.  Pot\u00e9 se vl\u00e1kna z n\u011bkolika kokon\u016f sp\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed dohromady a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed hedv\u00e1bnou nit.<\/p>\n<h3>Druhy hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Existuje n\u011bkolik druh\u016f hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se li\u0161\u00ed sv\u00fdmi vlastnostmi i zp\u016fsobem v\u00fdroby.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Druh hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/th>\n<th>Popis<\/th>\n<th>Vlastnosti<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Moru\u0161ov\u00e9 hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed druh, z\u00edsk\u00e1van\u00fd z bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho.<\/td>\n<td>Jemn\u00e9, leskl\u00e9, pevn\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Tussah hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Z\u00edsk\u00e1van\u00e9 z divoce \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch bourc\u016f.<\/td>\n<td>Hrub\u0161\u00ed, m\u00e9n\u011b leskl\u00e9, odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Eri hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Z\u00edsk\u00e1van\u00e9 z bource ricinov\u00e9ho.<\/td>\n<td>M\u011bkk\u00e9, matn\u00e9, hypoalergenn\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed v textiln\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu<\/h3>\n<p>Hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 nit se d\u00e1le zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 na p\u0159\u00edzi a n\u00e1sledn\u011b tk\u00e1 na hedv\u00e1bnou l\u00e1tku.  Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k v\u00fdrob\u011b \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1ly textili\u00ed, od luxusn\u00edho oble\u010den\u00ed a spodn\u00edho pr\u00e1dla p\u0159es \u0161\u00e1tky a kravaty a\u017e po bytov\u00fd textil.  Jeho unik\u00e1tn\u00ed vlastnosti, jako je termoregulace, prody\u0161nost a hypoalergennost, z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed materi\u00e1l vhodn\u00fd pro osoby s citlivou poko\u017ekou.<\/p>\n<h3>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed a udr\u017eitelnost<\/h3>\n<p>V posledn\u00edch letech se st\u00e1le v\u00edce pozornosti v\u011bnuje ot\u00e1zce udr\u017eitelnosti v textiln\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu.  Tradi\u010dn\u00ed zp\u016fsob z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, kdy se usmrcuje kukla, vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 etick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky.  Existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak i alternativn\u00ed metody, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed z\u00edskat hedv\u00e1b\u00ed bez usmrcen\u00ed hmyzu, nap\u0159\u00edklad tzv. &quot;Ahimsa hedv\u00e1b\u00ed&quot;.<\/p>\n<p>Od drobn\u00fdch vaj\u00ed\u010dek bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho a\u017e po luxusn\u00ed hedv\u00e1bnou l\u00e1tku \u2013 cesta hedv\u00e1b\u00ed je fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem o propojen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody, lidsk\u00e9 ingenuity a tis\u00edcilet\u00e9 tradice.  A\u0165 u\u017e obdivujete lesk hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9ho \u0161\u00e1tku nebo se zahal\u00edte do hebk\u00e9 hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 deky, v\u011bdom\u00ed o p\u016fvodu a slo\u017eit\u00e9m procesu v\u00fdroby dod\u00e1v\u00e1 tomuto materi\u00e1lu na v\u00fdjime\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, l\u00e1tka op\u0159eden\u00e1 luxusem a tajemstv\u00edm, fascinuje lidstvo po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed. Jeho jemnost, lesk a odolnost z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed materi\u00e1l vyhled\u00e1van\u00fd pro od\u011bvy, dopl\u0148ky i bytov\u00e9 dekorace. Ale odkud se vlastn\u011b toto vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno bere? Poj\u010fme se spole\u010dn\u011b pono\u0159it do fascinuj\u00edc\u00edho sv\u011bta v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1b\u00ed. Bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho a jeho kokon Zdrojem hedv\u00e1b\u00ed je drobn\u00fd, nen\u00e1padn\u00fd hmyz \u2013<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5560,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37831],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119690","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sericulture-cs","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119690","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119690"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119690\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5560"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119690"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119690"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119690"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}