{"id":119754,"date":"2023-04-07T19:20:55","date_gmt":"2023-04-08T02:20:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/does-silk-come-from-spiders\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T10:33:49","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T18:33:49","slug":"does-silk-come-from-spiders","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/does-silk-come-from-spiders\/","title":{"rendered":"Pavou\u010d\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed: Pravda o jeho p\u016fvodu?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, materi\u00e1l op\u0159eden\u00fd luxusem a tajemstv\u00edm, si spojujeme s jemnost\u00ed a leskem.  Mnoho lid\u00ed si klade ot\u00e1zku, zda poch\u00e1z\u00ed z pavouk\u016f.  A\u010dkoliv pavouci hedv\u00e1b\u00ed produkuj\u00ed,  realita je o n\u011bco slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se detailn\u011bji zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na p\u016fvod hedv\u00e1b\u00ed a objasn\u00ed vztah mezi pavouky a t\u00edmto fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm materi\u00e1lem.<\/p>\n<h3>Pavou\u010d\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed a jeho vlastnosti<\/h3>\n<p>Pavouci skute\u010dn\u011b produkuj\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k r\u016fzn\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm, jako je stavba s\u00edt\u00ed, tvorba kokon\u016f pro vaj\u00ed\u010dka nebo obalov\u00e1n\u00ed ko\u0159isti.  Pavou\u010d\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b pevn\u00e9 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 pru\u017en\u00e9.  Jeho vlastnosti se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na druhu pavouka a \u00fa\u010delu, pro kter\u00fd je hedv\u00e1b\u00ed pou\u017eito.<\/p>\n<h3>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed v textiln\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu<\/h3>\n<p>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v textiln\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu, poch\u00e1z\u00ed prim\u00e1rn\u011b z bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho (Bombyx mori).  Tento mot\u00fdl byl domestikov\u00e1n pro produkci hedv\u00e1b\u00ed ji\u017e p\u0159ed tis\u00edci lety.  Larvy bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed kokony z jednoho souvisl\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se n\u00e1sledn\u011b odmot\u00e1v\u00e1 a zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n<h3>Rozd\u00edly mezi pavou\u010d\u00edm a bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho hedv\u00e1b\u00edm<\/h3>\n<p>Existuj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly mezi hedv\u00e1b\u00edm produkovan\u00fdm pavouky a hedv\u00e1b\u00edm bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho.  N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed tabulka shrnuje kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 rozd\u00edly:<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Vlastnost<\/th>\n<th>Pavou\u010d\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/th>\n<th>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Pevnost<\/td>\n<td>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Pru\u017enost<\/td>\n<td>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Produkce<\/td>\n<td>Mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed, obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1<\/td>\n<td>Velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed, snadn\u00e1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>Slo\u017eit\u00e9<\/td>\n<td>Relativn\u011b jednoduch\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cena<\/td>\n<td>Vysok\u00e1<\/td>\n<td>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Pro\u010d se nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pavou\u010d\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e?<\/h3>\n<p>A\u010dkoliv pavou\u010d\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed m\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed vlastnosti, jeho masov\u00e1 produkce je problematick\u00e1.  Pavouci jsou teritori\u00e1ln\u00ed a kanibalisti\u010dt\u00ed, tak\u017ee jejich chov ve velk\u00e9m je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd.  Nav\u00edc mno\u017estv\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jeden pavouk produkuje, je relativn\u011b mal\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h3>Modern\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a biotechnologie<\/h3>\n<p>V\u011bdci se intenzivn\u011b zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed mo\u017enostmi vyu\u017eit\u00ed pavou\u010d\u00edho hedv\u00e1b\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblastech, nap\u0159\u00edklad v medic\u00edn\u011b (chirurgick\u00e9 nit\u011b) nebo v pr\u016fmyslu (v\u00fdroba odoln\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f).  Biotechnologie nab\u00edz\u00ed nov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy k produkci pavou\u010d\u00edho hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad genetickou modifikac\u00ed bakteri\u00ed nebo jin\u00fdch organism\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee a\u010dkoliv pavouci produkuj\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, hedv\u00e1b\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v textiln\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu poch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b z bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho.  Pavou\u010d\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed m\u00e1 sice vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed vlastnosti, ale jeho produkce je v sou\u010dasnosti p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 slo\u017eit\u00e1 a n\u00e1kladn\u00e1 pro masov\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed.  Modern\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a biotechnologie v\u0161ak otev\u00edraj\u00ed nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti pro budouc\u00ed aplikace tohoto fascinuj\u00edc\u00edho materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, materi\u00e1l op\u0159eden\u00fd luxusem a tajemstv\u00edm, si spojujeme s jemnost\u00ed a leskem. Mnoho lid\u00ed si klade ot\u00e1zku, zda poch\u00e1z\u00ed z pavouk\u016f. A\u010dkoliv pavouci hedv\u00e1b\u00ed produkuj\u00ed, realita je o n\u011bco slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se detailn\u011bji zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na p\u016fvod hedv\u00e1b\u00ed a objasn\u00ed vztah mezi pavouky a t\u00edmto fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm materi\u00e1lem. Pavou\u010d\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed a jeho vlastnosti Pavouci skute\u010dn\u011b produkuj\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":48834,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37823],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119754","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faqs-cs","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119754","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119754"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119754\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48834"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119754"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119754"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119754"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}