{"id":122026,"date":"2021-07-26T07:40:02","date_gmt":"2021-07-26T14:40:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/overview-of-silk-fibroin\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T10:41:04","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T18:41:04","slug":"overview-of-silk-fibroin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/overview-of-silk-fibroin\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159ehled vlastnost\u00ed fibroinu hedv\u00e1b\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, materi\u00e1l s dlouhou histori\u00ed a v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdmi vlastnostmi, fascinuje lidstvo po stalet\u00ed. Jeho lesk, jemnost a pevnost jsou d\u00e1ny unik\u00e1tn\u00ed b\u00edlkovinn\u00e9 struktu\u0159e, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako fibroin. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na detailn\u00ed p\u0159ehled fibroinu, jeho slo\u017een\u00ed, strukturu a vlastnosti, kter\u00e9 z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed tak cenn\u00fd materi\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

Struktura fibroinu<\/h3>\n

Fibroin je komplexn\u00ed protein tvo\u0159en\u00fd dv\u011bma hlavn\u00edmi proteinov\u00fdmi \u0159et\u011bzci, t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm a lehk\u00fdm, kter\u00e9 jsou vz\u00e1jemn\u011b propojeny disulfidick\u00fdmi m\u016fstky. T\u011b\u017ek\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec m\u00e1 molekulovou hmotnost p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 350 kDa, zat\u00edmco lehk\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec m\u00e1 hmotnost kolem 25 kDa. Krom\u011b t\u011bchto dvou hlavn\u00edch komponent obsahuje fibroin i dal\u0161\u00ed proteiny, jako je P25 a fibrohexamerin, kter\u00e9 hraj\u00ed roli v jeho struktu\u0159e a funkc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Aminokyselinov\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Dominantn\u00ed aminokyselinou ve fibroinu je glycin, n\u00e1sledovan\u00fd alaninem a serinem. Vysok\u00fd obsah glycinu a alaninu umo\u017e\u0148uje t\u011bsn\u00e9 uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed molekul a tvorbu krystalick\u00fdch oblast\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed jeho pevnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Aminokyselina<\/th>\nPod\u00edl (%)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Glycin<\/td>\n~45<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Alanin<\/td>\n~30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Serin<\/td>\n~12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tyrosin<\/td>\n~5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ostatn\u00ed<\/td>\n~8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Krystalick\u00e1 a amorfn\u00ed struktura<\/h3>\n

Fibroin se vyzna\u010duje kombinac\u00ed krystalick\u00fdch a amorfn\u00edch oblast\u00ed. Krystalick\u00e9 oblasti, bohat\u00e9 na glycin a alanin, jsou zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za pevnost a nerozpustnost hedv\u00e1b\u00ed. Amorfn\u00ed oblasti, s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm obsahem serinu a tyrosinu, dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed jeho pru\u017enost a ohebnost.<\/p>\n

Vlastnosti fibroinu<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Pevnost:<\/strong> Fibroin je p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b pevn\u00fd materi\u00e1l, srovnateln\u00fd s n\u011bkter\u00fdmi druhy oceli, pokud se bere v potaz jeho hmotnost.<\/li>\n
  2. Biokompatibilita:<\/strong> D\u00edky sv\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmu p\u016fvodu je fibroin biokompatibiln\u00ed a hypoalergenn\u00ed, co\u017e ho \u010din\u00ed vhodn\u00fdm pro l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 aplikace.<\/li>\n
  3. Biodegradabilita:<\/strong> Fibroin je biologicky odbourateln\u00fd materi\u00e1l, co\u017e je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 z hlediska ochrany \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/li>\n
  4. Tepeln\u00e1 stabilita:<\/strong> Fibroin vykazuje dobrou tepelnou stabilitu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Aplikace fibroinu<\/h3>\n

    Fibroin nach\u00e1z\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le oblast\u00ed, od textiln\u00edho pr\u016fmyslu po medic\u00ednu. V medic\u00edn\u011b se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad pro v\u00fdrobu chirurgick\u00fdch \u0161ic\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f, implant\u00e1t\u016f a nosi\u010d\u016f l\u00e9\u010div. V textiln\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b z\u00e1kladem pro v\u00fdrobu hedv\u00e1bn\u00fdch tkanin.<\/p>\n

    Z\u00e1v\u011brem lze konstatovat, \u017ee fibroin je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed protein s unik\u00e1tn\u00edmi vlastnostmi, kter\u00e9 ho p\u0159edur\u010duj\u00ed k \u0161irok\u00e9mu spektru aplikac\u00ed. Jeho biokompatibilita, biodegradabilita a pevnost v kombinaci s jeho estetick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed cenn\u00fd materi\u00e1l pro sou\u010dasnost i budoucnost.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, materi\u00e1l s dlouhou histori\u00ed a v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdmi vlastnostmi, fascinuje lidstvo po stalet\u00ed. Jeho lesk, jemnost a pevnost jsou d\u00e1ny unik\u00e1tn\u00ed b\u00edlkovinn\u00e9 struktu\u0159e, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako fibroin. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na detailn\u00ed p\u0159ehled fibroinu, jeho slo\u017een\u00ed, strukturu a vlastnosti, kter\u00e9 z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed tak cenn\u00fd materi\u00e1l. Struktura fibroinu Fibroin je komplexn\u00ed protein tvo\u0159en\u00fd dv\u011bma hlavn\u00edmi proteinov\u00fdmi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":89658,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37831],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-122026","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sericulture-cs","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122026","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=122026"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122026\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89658"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=122026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=122026"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=122026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}