{"id":123122,"date":"2019-01-03T00:57:40","date_gmt":"2019-01-02T16:57:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/the-science-behind-dreaming\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T10:43:37","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T18:43:37","slug":"the-science-behind-dreaming","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/the-science-behind-dreaming\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u011bda sn\u016f: Tajemstv\u00ed mozku v sp\u00e1nku"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Sny, fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed a tajemn\u00fd sv\u011bt, kter\u00fd n\u00e1s ka\u017edou noc vtahuje do sv\u00fdch spleti.  Od nepam\u011bti se lid\u00e9 sna\u017e\u00ed rozlu\u0161tit jejich v\u00fdznam a pochopit, pro\u010d vlastn\u011b sn\u00edme. V\u011bda, a\u010dkoliv st\u00e1le nem\u00e1 v\u0161echny odpov\u011bdi, n\u00e1m nab\u00edz\u00ed fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed pohled do mechanism\u016f a proces\u016f, kter\u00e9 stoj\u00ed za t\u00edmto no\u010dn\u00edm divadlem.<\/p>\n<h3>F\u00e1ze sp\u00e1nku a sn\u011bn\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Sp\u00e1nek se d\u011bl\u00ed do n\u011bkolika f\u00e1z\u00ed, z nich\u017e nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro sn\u011bn\u00ed je REM f\u00e1ze (Rapid Eye Movement).  B\u011bhem REM f\u00e1ze se na\u0161e o\u010di pod v\u00ed\u010dky rychle pohybuj\u00ed, mozek je aktivn\u00ed podobn\u011b jako v bd\u011bl\u00e9m stavu a srde\u010dn\u00ed tep a dech se zrychluj\u00ed. V t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina na\u0161ich sn\u016f, a to t\u011bch nej\u017eiv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejbizarn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch.  Krom\u011b REM f\u00e1ze existuj\u00ed i non-REM f\u00e1ze, b\u011bhem kter\u00fdch se mohou tak\u00e9 objevovat sny, ale jsou obvykle m\u00e9n\u011b intenzivn\u00ed a m\u00e9n\u011b zapamatovateln\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h3>Neurologick\u00e9 procesy b\u011bhem sn\u011bn\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Sn\u011bn\u00ed je komplexn\u00ed neurologick\u00fd proces, na kter\u00e9m se pod\u00edl\u00ed \u0159ada oblast\u00ed mozku.  Limbick\u00fd syst\u00e9m, zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za emoce, hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v emo\u010dn\u00edm zabarven\u00ed sn\u016f.  Prefront\u00e1ln\u00ed kortex, kter\u00fd se v bd\u011bl\u00e9m stavu pod\u00edl\u00ed na logick\u00e9m my\u0161len\u00ed a pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, je b\u011bhem REM f\u00e1ze utlumen, co\u017e vysv\u011btluje, pro\u010d sny \u010dasto postr\u00e1daj\u00ed logiku a koherenci.  Hipokampus, d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed vzpom\u00ednek, se aktivuje b\u011bhem sn\u011bn\u00ed a pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zpracov\u00e1vat a konsolidovat informace z p\u0159edchoz\u00edho dne.<\/p>\n<h3>Teorie o funkci sn\u011bn\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Existuje mnoho teori\u00ed o tom, pro\u010d vlastn\u011b sn\u00edme.  Jedna z nich, teorie konsolidace pam\u011bti, tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee sn\u011bn\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 ukl\u00e1dat a organizovat vzpom\u00ednky.  Jin\u00e1 teorie, teorie aktivace-synt\u00e9zy, p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee sny jsou n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 obrazy a pocity generovan\u00e9 mozkem, kter\u00e9 se pak sna\u017e\u00edme interpretovat a d\u00e1t jim smysl.  Dal\u0161\u00ed teorie se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed regulaci a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed traumatick\u00fdch z\u00e1\u017eitk\u016f.<\/p>\n<h3>Vliv sn\u016f na psychiku<\/h3>\n<p>Sny mohou m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vliv na na\u0161i psychiku.  Mohou n\u00e1m pomoci zpracovat emoce, vy\u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9my a l\u00e9pe se vyrovnat se stresem.  No\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fry, a\u010dkoliv nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9, mohou b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9, proto\u017ee n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed konfrontovat se s na\u0161imi strachy a obavami v bezpe\u010dn\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed sp\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 metody ve studiu sn\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>V\u00fdzkum sn\u016f je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd, ale v\u011bdci vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 metody, jak se do tohoto tajemn\u00e9ho sv\u011bta pod\u00edvat.  Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b polysomnografie, kter\u00e1 monitoruje mozkovou aktivitu, o\u010dn\u00ed pohyby a dal\u0161\u00ed fyziologick\u00e9 parametry b\u011bhem sp\u00e1nku.  Dal\u0161\u00ed metodou je anal\u00fdza sn\u016f, kdy se zkoum\u00e1 obsah a symbolika sn\u016f.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Metoda<\/th>\n<th>Popis<\/th>\n<th>V\u00fdhody<\/th>\n<th>Nev\u00fdhody<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Polysomnografie<\/td>\n<td>Monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed fyziologick\u00fdch parametr\u016f<\/td>\n<td>Objektivn\u00ed data o f\u00e1z\u00edch sp\u00e1nku<\/td>\n<td>N\u00e1kladn\u00e1, \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1, omezen\u00fd vhled do obsahu sn\u016f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Anal\u00fdza sn\u016f<\/td>\n<td>Interpretace obsahu a symboliky sn\u016f<\/td>\n<td>Vhled do subjektivn\u00edho pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed snu<\/td>\n<td>Subjektivn\u00ed, z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na interpretaci<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Sny z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed i v 21. stolet\u00ed do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry z\u00e1hadou.  A\u010dkoliv v\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdzkum postupn\u011b odhaluje fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed detaily o neurologick\u00fdch procesech a funkc\u00edch sn\u011bn\u00ed, st\u00e1le zb\u00fdv\u00e1 mnoho ot\u00e1zek bez odpov\u011bdi.  Sny jsou d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed na\u0161eho \u017eivota a jejich studium n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee pomoci l\u00e9pe pochopit sami sebe a fungov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed mysli.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sny, fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed a tajemn\u00fd sv\u011bt, kter\u00fd n\u00e1s ka\u017edou noc vtahuje do sv\u00fdch spleti. Od nepam\u011bti se lid\u00e9 sna\u017e\u00ed rozlu\u0161tit jejich v\u00fdznam a pochopit, pro\u010d vlastn\u011b sn\u00edme. V\u011bda, a\u010dkoliv st\u00e1le nem\u00e1 v\u0161echny odpov\u011bdi, n\u00e1m nab\u00edz\u00ed fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed pohled do mechanism\u016f a proces\u016f, kter\u00e9 stoj\u00ed za t\u00edmto no\u010dn\u00edm divadlem. F\u00e1ze sp\u00e1nku a sn\u011bn\u00ed Sp\u00e1nek se d\u011bl\u00ed do n\u011bkolika<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":51109,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37903],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123122","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sleeping-cs","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123122","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=123122"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123122\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/51109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=123122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=123122"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=123122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}