{"id":123786,"date":"2017-07-30T12:21:29","date_gmt":"2017-07-30T04:21:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/history-of-silk-origin-of-silk-fabric\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T10:34:27","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T18:34:27","slug":"history-of-silk-origin-of-silk-fabric","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/history-of-silk-origin-of-silk-fabric\/","title":{"rendered":"Od kokonu k hedv\u00e1b\u00ed: P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh tkaniny"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, l\u00e1tka kr\u00e1l\u016f a c\u00edsa\u0159\u016f, op\u0159edena legendami a tajemstv\u00edm, fascinuje lidstvo po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed. Jeho historie je \u00fazce spjata s \u010c\u00ednou, kde se zrodila tradice jeho v\u00fdroby, kter\u00e1 se s postupem \u010dasu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila do cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se pono\u0159\u00ed do hlubin historie hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, od jeho mytick\u00fdch po\u010d\u00e1tk\u016f a\u017e po jeho vliv na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed obchod a kulturu.<\/p>\n

Legenda o Leizu a objev hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Podle star\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 legendy objevila hedv\u00e1b\u00ed c\u00edsa\u0159ovna Leizu, man\u017eelka \u017dlut\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e Huang Di, kolem roku 2700 p\u0159. n. l. P\u0159i pit\u00ed \u010daje pod moru\u0161ovn\u00edkem j\u00ed do \u0161\u00e1lku spadl kokon bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho. Kdy\u017e ho cht\u011bla vylovit, za\u010dalo se z kokonu odv\u00edjet jemn\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno. Leizu byla okouzlena jeho leskem a hebkost\u00ed a za\u010dala zkoumat jeho p\u016fvod. Z kokon\u016f se nau\u010dila odmot\u00e1vat vl\u00e1kna a tk\u00e1t z nich l\u00e1tku. Tento objev se stal jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch miln\u00edk\u016f \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 historie.<\/p>\n

Bource moru\u0161ov\u00fd a proces v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 z kokon\u016f bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho (Bombyx mori), mot\u00fdla, jeho\u017e housenky se \u017eiv\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b listy moru\u0161e b\u00edl\u00e9. Proces v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako serikultura, je slo\u017eit\u00fd a vy\u017eaduje pe\u010dlivou p\u00e9\u010di o housenky i o kokony. <\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Housenky se chovaj\u00ed v kontrolovan\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed a krm\u00ed se \u010derstv\u00fdmi listy moru\u0161e.<\/li>\n
  2. Po n\u011bkolika t\u00fddnech za\u010dnou housenky vytv\u00e1\u0159et kokony, ve kter\u00fdch se zakukl\u00ed.<\/li>\n
  3. Kokony se sb\u00edraj\u00ed a zah\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed, aby se usmrtily kukly uvnit\u0159, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se zabr\u00e1n\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed vl\u00e1kna.<\/li>\n
  4. Vl\u00e1kna se pak opatrn\u011b odmot\u00e1vaj\u00ed z kokon\u016f a sp\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed do nit\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 stezka a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed do sv\u011bta<\/h3>\n

    Po stalet\u00ed si \u010c\u00edna pe\u010dliv\u011b st\u0159e\u017eila tajemstv\u00ed v\u00fdroby hedv\u00e1b\u00ed. Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed se stalo cenn\u00fdm obchodn\u00edm artiklem a symbolem luxusu a bohatstv\u00ed. Obchod s hedv\u00e1b\u00edm vedl k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed Hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 stezky, s\u00edt\u011b obchodn\u00edch cest, kter\u00e9 spojovaly \u010c\u00ednu s Evropou a Bl\u00edzk\u00fdm v\u00fdchodem. Hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 stezka nejen\u017ee umo\u017enila \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u011bla k v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b kulturn\u00edch a technologick\u00fdch poznatk\u016f mezi V\u00fdchodem a Z\u00e1padem.<\/p>\n

    Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch<\/h3>\n

    Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed se stalo ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mnoha kultur. V \u010c\u00edn\u011b bylo symbolem moci a spole\u010densk\u00e9ho postaven\u00ed. V Indii se hedv\u00e1b\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvalo k v\u00fdrob\u011b tradi\u010dn\u00edch od\u011bv\u016f a v Evrop\u011b se stalo vyhled\u00e1van\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem pro \u0161lechtu a kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 rodiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Kultura<\/th>\nVyu\u017eit\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u010c\u00edna<\/td>\nOd\u011bvy pro c\u00edsa\u0159skou rodinu, symbolick\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Indie<\/td>\nS\u00e1r\u00ed, tradi\u010dn\u00ed od\u011bvy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Evropa<\/td>\n\u0160aty pro \u0161lechtu, c\u00edrkevn\u00ed roucha<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Japonsko<\/td>\nKimona, obrazy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Modern\u00ed v\u00fdroba a vyu\u017eit\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n

    I v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b si hedv\u00e1b\u00ed zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u016fj status luxusn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu. Modern\u00ed technologie sice umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdrobu syntetick\u00fdch alternativ, ale nic se nevyrovn\u00e1 jedine\u010dn\u00e9mu lesku a hebkosti prav\u00e9ho hedv\u00e1b\u00ed. Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed se st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k v\u00fdrob\u011b od\u011bv\u016f, dopl\u0148k\u016f, bytov\u00e9ho textilu a dokonce i v medic\u00edn\u011b.<\/p>\n

    Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, od sv\u00e9ho legend\u00e1rn\u00edho objevu c\u00edsa\u0159ovnou Leizu a\u017e po svou sou\u010dasnou podobu, zanechalo nesmazatelnou stopu na lidsk\u00e9 historii. Jeho cesta z \u010c\u00edny do cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta je fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem o inovaci, obchodu a kulturn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b. I dnes, v dob\u011b modern\u00edch technologi\u00ed, si hedv\u00e1b\u00ed zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u016fj jedine\u010dn\u00fd p\u016fvab a nad\u00e1le okouzluje svou eleganc\u00ed a nad\u010dasovost\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, l\u00e1tka kr\u00e1l\u016f a c\u00edsa\u0159\u016f, op\u0159edena legendami a tajemstv\u00edm, fascinuje lidstvo po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed. Jeho historie je \u00fazce spjata s \u010c\u00ednou, kde se zrodila tradice jeho v\u00fdroby, kter\u00e1 se s postupem \u010dasu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila do cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se pono\u0159\u00ed do hlubin historie hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, od jeho mytick\u00fdch po\u010d\u00e1tk\u016f a\u017e po jeho vliv na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed obchod a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6975,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37871],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123786","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-cs","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123786","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=123786"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123786\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6975"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=123786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=123786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=123786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}