{"id":123946,"date":"2017-05-23T12:12:17","date_gmt":"2017-05-23T04:12:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/how-silk-is-made\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T10:35:22","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T18:35:22","slug":"how-silk-is-made","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/how-silk-is-made\/","title":{"rendered":"Od kokonu k hedv\u00e1b\u00ed: Tajemstv\u00ed v\u00fdroby"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, luxusn\u00ed tkanina s dlouhou histori\u00ed a fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdrobn\u00edm procesem, si po stalet\u00ed udr\u017euje svou presti\u017e. Od chovu bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho a\u017e po kone\u010dnou \u00fapravu l\u00e1tky je v\u00fdroba hedv\u00e1b\u00ed komplexn\u00ed a pracn\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se podrobn\u011b pod\u00edv\u00e1me na jednotliv\u00e9 kroky, kter\u00e9 vedou k\u00a0vzniknu t\u00e9to jedine\u010dn\u00e9 textilie.<\/p>\n<h3>Chov bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho<\/h3>\n<p>Bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho (Bombyx mori) jsou housenky mot\u00fdla no\u010dn\u00edho, kter\u00e9 se \u017eiv\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b listy moru\u0161e b\u00edl\u00e9.  P\u00e9\u010de o n\u011b vy\u017eaduje specifick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, zejm\u00e9na stabiln\u00ed teplotu a vlhkost.  Housenky proch\u00e1zej\u00ed n\u011bkolika st\u00e1dii v\u00fdvoje, ne\u017e se zakukl\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Tvorba kokonu<\/h3>\n<p>Kdy\u017e je housenka p\u0159ipravena k zakuklen\u00ed, za\u010dne produkovat vl\u00e1kno z\u00a0dvojice slinn\u00fdch \u017el\u00e1z. Toto vl\u00e1kno, tvo\u0159en\u00e9 p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b fibroinem a sericinem, tuhne p\u0159i kontaktu se vzduchem a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed pevn\u00fd kokon. Housenka se uvnit\u0159 kokonu  p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uje na kuklu.<\/p>\n<h3>Sklize\u0148 kokon\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>Kokony se skl\u00edzej\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed vyl\u00edhnut\u00edm mot\u00fdla, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo po\u0161kozen\u00ed celistvosti vl\u00e1kna.  Kokony se t\u0159\u00edd\u00ed podle velikosti, tvaru a barvy.<\/p>\n<h3>Odv\u00edjen\u00ed vl\u00e1kna<\/h3>\n<p>K odv\u00edjen\u00ed vl\u00e1kna se kokony zah\u0159\u00edvaj\u00ed v hork\u00e9 vod\u011b, kter\u00e1 rozpou\u0161t\u00ed sericin, lepidlo dr\u017e\u00edc\u00ed vl\u00e1kna pohromad\u011b.  Z\u00a0jednoho kokonu lze z\u00edskat a\u017e 900 metr\u016f dlouh\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno.  Vl\u00e1kna z\u00a0n\u011bkolika kokon\u016f se spl\u00e9taj\u00ed dohromady, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 nit.<\/p>\n<h3>Barven\u00ed a \u00faprava<\/h3>\n<p>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed lze barvit v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch v\u00fdroby \u2013 bu\u010f samotn\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna, nebo ji\u017e utkanou l\u00e1tku.  Existuje cel\u00e1 \u0159ada technik barven\u00ed, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1ly barev a odst\u00edn\u016f. Po barven\u00ed se hedv\u00e1b\u00ed upravuje, aby se zlep\u0161ily jeho vlastnosti, jako je lesk, m\u011bkkost a odolnost.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Vlastnost<\/th>\n<th>Popis<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Lesk<\/td>\n<td>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed m\u00e1 charakteristick\u00fd lesk, kter\u00fd je d\u00e1n troj\u00faheln\u00edkovou strukturou vl\u00e1kna.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u011bkkost<\/td>\n<td>Hedv\u00e1bn\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno je velmi jemn\u00e9 a p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 na dotek.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Pevnost<\/td>\n<td>Navzdory sv\u00e9 jemnosti je hedv\u00e1b\u00ed p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b pevn\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Savost<\/td>\n<td>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017ee absorbovat vlhkost a\u017e do 30 % sv\u00e9 hmotnosti.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Termoregulace<\/td>\n<td>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed m\u00e1 v\u00fdborn\u00e9 termoregula\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti a v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b chlad\u00ed a v\u00a0zim\u011b h\u0159eje.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Tkan\u00ed hedv\u00e1b\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Z\u00a0hedv\u00e1bn\u00fdch nit\u00ed se tkaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy l\u00e1tek, od lehk\u00fdch \u0161ifon\u016f a\u017e po t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 brok\u00e1ty. Typ tkan\u00ed ovliv\u0148uje kone\u010dn\u00fd vzhled a vlastnosti l\u00e1tky.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdroba hedv\u00e1b\u00ed je slo\u017eit\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje zna\u010dn\u00e9 znalosti a zku\u0161enosti. Od chovu bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho a\u017e po fin\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapravu l\u00e1tky se ka\u017ed\u00fd krok pod\u00edl\u00ed na vzniku tohoto luxusn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd si i v\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u016fj jedine\u010dn\u00fd status.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hedv\u00e1b\u00ed, luxusn\u00ed tkanina s dlouhou histori\u00ed a fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdrobn\u00edm procesem, si po stalet\u00ed udr\u017euje svou presti\u017e. Od chovu bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho a\u017e po kone\u010dnou \u00fapravu l\u00e1tky je v\u00fdroba hedv\u00e1b\u00ed komplexn\u00ed a pracn\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se podrobn\u011b pod\u00edv\u00e1me na jednotliv\u00e9 kroky, kter\u00e9 vedou k\u00a0vzniknu t\u00e9to jedine\u010dn\u00e9 textilie. Chov bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho Bource moru\u0161ov\u00e9ho (Bombyx mori) jsou<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9494,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37831],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123946","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sericulture-cs","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123946","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=123946"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123946\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9494"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=123946"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=123946"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=123946"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}