{"id":111454,"date":"2021-07-27T09:55:31","date_gmt":"2021-07-27T16:55:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/overview-of-mulberry-pests\/"},"modified":"2025-01-12T18:18:57","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:18:57","slug":"overview-of-mulberry-pests","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/tr\/overview-of-mulberry-pests\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130pek B\u00f6ce\u011fi Yeti\u015ftiricili\u011finde Zararl\u0131lar Genel Bak\u0131\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130pekb\u00f6ce\u011fi yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi ve dut yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi el ele giden iki sekt\u00f6r olup, dut a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ipekb\u00f6ceklerinin beslenmesi ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ipek \u00fcretiminin verimlili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.  Ancak, dut a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli zararl\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 hassast\u0131r ve bu zararl\u0131lar, hem a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n verimini hem de ipekb\u00f6cek\u00e7ili\u011fini olumsuz etkileyebilir. Bu nedenle, dut zararl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n iyi anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve etkili m\u00fccadele y\u00f6ntemlerinin uygulanmas\u0131 hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Yaprak Yiyen Zararl\u0131lar<\/h3>\n<p>Dut a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n en yayg\u0131n zararl\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yaprak yiyen b\u00f6cekler yer al\u0131r. Bunlar, a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n yapraklar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcketerek fotosentezi engeller, bitki geli\u015fimini yava\u015flat\u0131r ve meyve verimini azalt\u0131rlar.  En \u00f6nemli yaprak yiyen zararl\u0131lar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Dut Yapra\u011f\u0131 B\u00f6ce\u011fi (Morus spp.):<\/strong>  Bu b\u00f6cek, dut yapraklar\u0131n\u0131 kemirerek b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda hasara neden olur.  Larvalar\u0131 yapraklar\u0131n alt y\u00fczeyinde beslenir ve yo\u011fun istilalarda a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 tamamen yapraklar\u0131ndan ar\u0131nd\u0131rabilirler.  M\u00fccadelesi kimyasal ila\u00e7lama veya biyolojik kontrol y\u00f6ntemleri ile yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Dut \u00d6r\u00fcmcek Akar\u0131 (Tetranychus urticae):<\/strong>  Bu akarlar, yapraklar\u0131n alt y\u00fczeyinde beslenir ve yapraklar\u0131n sararmas\u0131na, kurumas\u0131na ve d\u00f6k\u00fclmesine neden olur.  Yo\u011fun istilalarda, a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkilenir.  M\u00fccadelesi, akar ila\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir.  Ayn\u0131 zamanda do\u011fal avc\u0131lar\u0131 kullanarak biyolojik kontrol de uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Dut Yapra\u011f\u0131 Delen B\u00f6ce\u011fi (Agrilus spp.):<\/strong>  Bu b\u00f6ceklerin larvalar\u0131, dut a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6vdelerine ve dallar\u0131na galeri a\u00e7arak a\u011fac\u0131n besin ve su iletimini bozarlar.  Bu da a\u011fac\u0131n zay\u0131flamas\u0131na, kurumas\u0131na ve hatta \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7abilir.  M\u00fccadelesi, a\u011fac\u0131n etkilenen k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n budanmas\u0131 ve kimyasal ila\u00e7lama ile yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. G\u00f6vde ve K\u00f6k Zararl\u0131lar\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>Yaprak yiyen zararl\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, dut a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyen g\u00f6vde ve k\u00f6k zararl\u0131lar\u0131 da bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar, a\u011fac\u0131n k\u00f6k sistemini ve g\u00f6vdesini hasarlayarak a\u011fac\u0131n genel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkilerler.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>K\u00f6k Emici Nematodlar:<\/strong>  Bu mikroskobik organizmalar, dut a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6klerini besleyerek k\u00f6k sisteminin geli\u015fimini engeller ve a\u011fac\u0131n su ve besin al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131r. Bu da a\u011fac\u0131n zay\u0131flamas\u0131na ve veriminin d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden olur.  M\u00fccadelesi, nematod ila\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak veya dayan\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlerin tercih edilmesiyle yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>K\u00f6k Kavlamas\u0131:<\/strong>  Fungal hastal\u0131klar sonucu geli\u015fen k\u00f6k kavlamas\u0131, k\u00f6k sisteminin \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesine ve a\u011fac\u0131n \u00f6lmesine neden olabilir. M\u00fccadele i\u00e7in hastal\u0131kl\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve uygun toprak y\u00f6netimi \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. Hastal\u0131k Ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>Baz\u0131 zararl\u0131lar, \u00e7e\u015fitli viral veya fungal hastal\u0131klar\u0131n vekt\u00f6r\u00fc olarak g\u00f6rev yaparlar. Bu hastal\u0131klar, dut a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini ve verimini olumsuz etkiler ve hatta a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7abilir.  \u00d6rne\u011fin baz\u0131 yaprak biti t\u00fcrleri viral hastal\u0131klar\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131nda rol oynar.  Bu nedenle zararl\u0131lar\u0131n kontrol\u00fc, hastal\u0131klar\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h3>4. M\u00fccadele Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/h3>\n<p>Dut zararl\u0131lar\u0131yla m\u00fccadelede entegre zararl\u0131 y\u00f6netimi (\u0130ZY) yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 benimsenmelidir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, kimyasal m\u00fccadele y\u00f6ntemlerinin yan\u0131nda, biyolojik kontrol, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel uygulamalar ve diren\u00e7li \u00e7e\u015fitlerin kullan\u0131m\u0131 gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemleri birle\u015ftirir.  Kimyasal m\u00fccadele yaln\u0131zca son \u00e7are olarak ve uygun bir \u015fekilde uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.  PandaSilk gibi ipek \u00fcreticileri, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir tar\u0131m uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 benimseyerek hem \u00fcr\u00fcn kalitesini hem de \u00e7evre sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyabilirler.  Biyolojik kontrol y\u00f6ntemleri, do\u011fal d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla zararl\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ve \u00e7evre dostu bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.  K\u00fclt\u00fcrel uygulamalar ise, a\u011fac\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131, sulama, g\u00fcbreleme gibi fakt\u00f6rleri i\u00e7erir ve a\u011fac\u0131n direncini art\u0131rmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Zararl\u0131 T\u00fcr\u00fc<\/th>\n<th>Zarar \u015eekli<\/th>\n<th>M\u00fccadele Y\u00f6ntemi<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Dut Yapra\u011f\u0131 B\u00f6ce\u011fi<\/td>\n<td>Yapraklar\u0131n t\u00fcketilmesi<\/td>\n<td>Kimyasal ila\u00e7lama, biyolojik kontrol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dut \u00d6r\u00fcmcek Akari<\/td>\n<td>Yapraklar\u0131n sararmas\u0131 ve kurumas\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Akar ila\u00e7lar\u0131, biyolojik kontrol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>K\u00f6k Emici Nematodlar<\/td>\n<td>K\u00f6k sisteminin hasar g\u00f6rmesi<\/td>\n<td>Nematod ila\u00e7lar\u0131, dayan\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7 olarak, dut a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yeti\u015ftirilmesi ve y\u00fcksek verim al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, dut zararl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ve etkili m\u00fccadele y\u00f6ntemlerinin uygulanmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.  \u0130ZY yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ve \u00e7evre dostu bir yakla\u015f\u0131m sunarak hem dut yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fini hem de ipekb\u00f6ce\u011fi yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fini olumlu y\u00f6nde etkiler.  Bu sayede hem verim art\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r hem de \u00e7evre korunmu\u015f olur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130pekb\u00f6ce\u011fi yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi ve dut yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi el ele giden iki sekt\u00f6r olup, dut a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ipekb\u00f6ceklerinin beslenmesi ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ipek \u00fcretiminin verimlili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Ancak, dut a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli zararl\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 hassast\u0131r ve bu zararl\u0131lar, hem a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n verimini hem de ipekb\u00f6cek\u00e7ili\u011fini olumsuz etkileyebilir. Bu nedenle, dut zararl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n iyi anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve etkili m\u00fccadele y\u00f6ntemlerinin uygulanmas\u0131 hayati<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":89675,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37752],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-111454","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sericulture-tr","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111454","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=111454"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111454\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89675"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=111454"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=111454"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=111454"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}