{"id":107553,"date":"2023-04-26T22:43:43","date_gmt":"2023-04-27T05:43:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/how-is-silk-made-into-cloth\/"},"modified":"2025-01-12T14:21:11","modified_gmt":"2025-01-12T22:21:11","slug":"how-is-silk-made-into-cloth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/how-is-silk-made-into-cloth\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1eeb T\u01a1 T\u1eb1m \u0110\u1ebfn T\u1ea5m V\u1ea3i M\u1ec1m M\u1ea1i: Qu\u00e1 Tr\u00ecnh S\u1ea3n Xu\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean qu\u00fd gi\u00e1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u00f3ng m\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ebf.  T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng con t\u1eb1m nh\u1ea3 t\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a sang tr\u1ecdng, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao.  H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m th\u00e0nh v\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Thu ho\u1ea1ch t\u01a1 v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u01a1 s\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c thu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m.  K\u00e9n t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch khi con t\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u1ea3 t\u01a1, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.  Sau \u0111\u00f3, k\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng k\u00e9n b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.  K\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u01a1 s\u1ed1ng, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cd\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4i\u201d, nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch l\u1edbp t\u01a1.  Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u00fang k\u00e9n v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng, gi\u00fap l\u00e0m tan l\u1edbp keo sericin bao b\u1ecdc c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1, t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 ra kh\u1ecfi nhau v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.  T\u01a1 sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3>2. K\u00e9o s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 xo\u1eafn s\u1ee3i<\/h3>\n<p>Sau khi t\u01a1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i.  M\u00e1y k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i s\u1ebd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 m\u1ecfng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 d\u00e0y h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn h\u01a1n.  Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i t\u01a1, tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee9t s\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i.  S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a mong mu\u1ed1n.  V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 m\u1ec1m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt s\u1ee3i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a d\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc.  Sau khi k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i, s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xo\u1eafn l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i ch\u1ec9 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao v\u00e0 \u00edt b\u1ecb xo\u1eafn khi d\u1ec7t.  \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a.<\/p>\n<h3>3. D\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i<\/h3>\n<p>S\u1ee3i t\u01a1 sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o v\u00e0 xo\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t.  M\u00e1y d\u1ec7t s\u1ebd \u0111an xen c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 theo nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u d\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c hoa v\u0103n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c nhau.  C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.  Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a cao c\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh x\u1ea3o.  M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ty, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 PandaSilk, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ee5a ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u1ea3i<\/h3>\n<p>Sau khi d\u1ec7t xong, v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, b\u00f3ng m\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 gi\u1eb7t, t\u1ea9y, nhu\u1ed9m, v\u00e0 c\u00e1n.  Gi\u1eb7t v\u00e0 t\u1ea9y gi\u00fap l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u1ea3i, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i.  Nhu\u1ed9m v\u1ea3i gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa.  Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00e1n v\u1ea3i gi\u00fap l\u00e0m cho v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1eb3ng phiu, b\u00f3ng m\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng.  C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nhu\u1ed9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng, b\u1ec1n m\u00e0u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m th\u00e0nh v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.  T\u1eeb kh\u00e2u thu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e2u ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u1ea3i, m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u00f3ng m\u01b0\u1ee3t, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.  S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o gi\u1eefa tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ee5a cao c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean qu\u00fd gi\u00e1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u00f3ng m\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ebf. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng con t\u1eb1m nh\u1ea3 t\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a sang tr\u1ecdng, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5564,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37730],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-107553","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faqs-vi","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107553","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=107553"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107553\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5564"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=107553"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=107553"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=107553"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}