{"id":108257,"date":"2023-04-18T16:29:33","date_gmt":"2023-04-18T23:29:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/what-is-silk-made-from\/"},"modified":"2025-01-12T14:29:24","modified_gmt":"2025-01-12T22:29:24","slug":"what-is-silk-made-from","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/what-is-silk-made-from\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u01a1 T\u1eb1m \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c L\u00e0m T\u1eeb G\u00ec? Kh\u00e1m Ph\u00e1 Ngu\u1ed3n G\u1ed1c V\u00e0 Qu\u00e1 Tr\u00ecnh S\u1ea3n Xu\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u00f3ng \u00e1nh v\u00e0 sang tr\u1ecdng, t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 xa hoa v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u00ec t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb g\u00ec? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eeb con t\u1eb1m\u201d, m\u00e0 \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

1. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb s\u00e2u t\u1eb1m: Bombyx Mori<\/h3>\n

T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, nh\u01b0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi, b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb s\u00e2u t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Bombycidae, v\u1edbi t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 Bombyx mori<\/em>. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i s\u00e2u t\u1eb1m t\u1ef1 do trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m. Qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 lai t\u1ea1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng s\u00e2u t\u1eb1m cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u01a1 cao v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. S\u00e2u t\u1eb1m nu\u00f4i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p l\u00e1 d\u00e2u t\u1eb1m l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u00ednh. Ch\u00ednh l\u00e1 d\u00e2u t\u1eb1m, v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i t\u01a1.<\/p>\n

2. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o t\u01a1: M\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 quan thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/h3>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u00e2u t\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra t\u01a1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh h\u1ecdc k\u1ef3 th\u00fa. Khi s\u00e2u t\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, n\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u1ebft ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch l\u1ecfng t\u1eeb tuy\u1ebfn t\u01a1 n\u1eb1m trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. D\u1ecbch l\u1ecfng n\u00e0y, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 fibroin v\u00e0 sericin, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y ra qua hai l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tua t\u01a1. Hai s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 sericin, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. S\u00e2u t\u1eb1m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean k\u00e9n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i tr\u00fa \u1ea9n an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f3a nh\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

3. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m: Fibroin v\u00e0 Sericin<\/h3>\n

T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m hai lo\u1ea1i protein ch\u00ednh: fibroin v\u00e0 sericin. Fibroin chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 70-80% tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i t\u01a1, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u1ee3i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i. Sericin, chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i fibroin, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng cho s\u1ee3i t\u01a1. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa fibroin v\u00e0 sericin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng s\u00e2u t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/th>\nT\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 (%)<\/th>\nCh\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Fibroin<\/td>\n70-80<\/td>\nC\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sericin<\/td>\n20-30<\/td>\nCh\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

4. Thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m: T\u1eeb k\u00e9n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee3i v\u1ea3i<\/h3>\n

Sau khi s\u00e2u t\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o k\u00e9n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta thu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u01a1. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c lu\u1ed9c k\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf sericin, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 ra kh\u1ecfi k\u00e9n. C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea5n th\u00e0nh su\u1ed1t, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh v\u1ea3i. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u01a1 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m cao c\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a PandaSilk, th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

5. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m kh\u00e1c nhau: S\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m gi\u1ed1ng s\u00e2u t\u1eb1m, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn. T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecbn, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao h\u01a1n do ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u, l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u00f3ng \u00e1nh v\u00e0 sang tr\u1ecdng, t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 xa hoa v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u00ec t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb g\u00ec? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eeb con t\u1eb1m\u201d, m\u00e0 \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5613,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37730],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-108257","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faqs-vi","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108257","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108257"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108257\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5613"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108257"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=108257"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=108257"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}