{"id":108337,"date":"2023-04-18T01:09:08","date_gmt":"2023-04-18T08:09:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/does-silkworm-make-cocoon\/"},"modified":"2025-01-12T14:20:23","modified_gmt":"2025-01-12T22:20:23","slug":"does-silkworm-make-cocoon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/does-silkworm-make-cocoon\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o k\u00e9n k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1eb1m t\u01a1 c\u00f3 t\u1ea1o k\u00e9n kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn l\u00e0: C\u00f3.  Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o k\u00e9n c\u1ee7a t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o chi ti\u1ebft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh k\u00e9n ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n<h3>1. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o k\u00e9n<\/h3>\n<p>T\u1eb1m t\u01a1 (Bombyx mori) tr\u1ea3i qua b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi: tr\u1ee9ng, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng (s\u00e2u t\u1eb1m), nh\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh (b\u01b0\u1edbm).  Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o k\u00e9n di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng, sau khi tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c.  Khi s\u00e2u t\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u00e9n.  V\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i y\u00ean t\u0129nh, kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.  S\u00e2u t\u1eb1m s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u01a1 l\u1ecfng, m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i t\u1eeb tuy\u1ebfn t\u01a1 n\u1eb1m trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai tuy\u1ebfn t\u01a1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, qu\u1ea5n quanh c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean k\u00e9n.<\/p>\n<h3>2. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m<\/h3>\n<p>K\u00e9n t\u1eb1m c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.  N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp t\u01a1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea5n ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n.  \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a k\u00e9n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eb1m, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.  Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m l\u00e0 fibroin v\u00e0 sericin. Fibroin l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i protein t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i t\u01a1, trong khi sericin \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/th>\n<th>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 (%)<\/th>\n<th>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Fibroin<\/td>\n<td>70-80<\/td>\n<td>C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sericin<\/td>\n<td>20-30<\/td>\n<td>Ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i t\u01a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>3.  C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o k\u00e9n<\/h3>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 di truy\u1ec1n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o k\u00e9n c\u1ee7a t\u1eb1m.  V\u00ed d\u1ee5, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m qu\u00e1 cao ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm ho\u1eb7c ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o k\u00e9n.  Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.  S\u00e2u t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi l\u00e1 d\u00e2u t\u01b0\u01a1i, s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng k\u00e9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, v\u1edbi s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 d\u00e0i, \u00f3ng \u00e1nh v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc kh\u1ecfe.  Gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eb1m c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eb1m cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u01a1 cao h\u01a1n, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c.  V\u00ed d\u1ee5, gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi PandaSilk th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1 cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h3>4.  \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m<\/h3>\n<p>K\u00e9n t\u1eb1m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u1ea9n n\u00e1u c\u1ee7a nh\u1ed9ng t\u1eb1m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m. Sau khi thu ho\u1ea1ch, k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y s\u1ee3i t\u01a1.  Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c lu\u1ed9c k\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf sericin, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i d\u00e0i v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.  T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, ch\u0103n m\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 cao c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Vi\u1ec7c t\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o k\u00e9n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u1eb1m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.  T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 \u1ea5y, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m cao c\u1ea5p, sang tr\u1ecdng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m n\u00ean v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1eb1m t\u01a1 c\u00f3 t\u1ea1o k\u00e9n kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn l\u00e0: C\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o k\u00e9n c\u1ee7a t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o chi ti\u1ebft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":89672,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37755],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-108337","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sericulture-vi","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108337","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108337"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108337\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89672"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108337"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=108337"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=108337"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}