{"id":108601,"date":"2023-04-15T09:04:26","date_gmt":"2023-04-15T16:04:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/how-silk-was-discovered\/"},"modified":"2025-01-12T14:21:34","modified_gmt":"2025-01-12T22:21:34","slug":"how-silk-was-discovered","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/how-silk-was-discovered\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00ed \u1ea8n Ngu\u1ed3n G\u1ed1c T\u01a1 T\u1eb1m: Chuy\u1ec7n T\u00ecm Ra V\u1ea3i Thi\u00ean Nhi\u00ean"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u00f3ng \u00e1nh v\u00e0 sang tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia trong h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m.  Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef g\u00ecn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, l\u1ea1i mang nhi\u1ec1u huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.  Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1c h\u1ecda l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Qu\u00e2n<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.  Truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng, trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n d\u1ea1o ch\u01a1i trong cung \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t con t\u1eb1m \u0111ang nh\u1ea3 t\u01a1 tr\u00ean c\u00e2y d\u00e2u.  B\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u00f3,  th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1ch k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i.  Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<h3>2. B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc: Nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1 m\u1edbi, kho\u1ea3ng 5000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean.  Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh v\u1ea3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c di ch\u1ec9 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.  Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean sang vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ed \u1ea9n. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd, ban \u0111\u1ea7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 thu th\u1eadp k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00e2y d\u00e2u, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3>3. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i<\/h3>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng cao.  T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eb1m, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng, thu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n, k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i, m\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m.  Qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao.  S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhu\u1ed9m m\u00e0u c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m.<\/p>\n<h3>4. B\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef g\u00ecn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn<\/h3>\n<p>Trong su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, b\u00ed quy\u1ebft nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 d\u1ec7t t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c gi\u1eef g\u00ecn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n m\u1eadt.  Vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm gi\u1eef b\u00ed quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng cao qu\u00fd.  \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.  Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn khi con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01a1 l\u1ee5a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra, b\u00ed quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y m\u1edbi d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lan truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3>5. S\u1ef1 lan t\u1ecfa c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m<\/h3>\n<p>S\u1ef1 lan truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m ra kh\u1ecfi Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb t\u1eeb v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n.  Th\u00f4ng qua con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01a1 l\u1ee5a, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u1edf Trung \u00c1, T\u00e2y \u00c1, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.  Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.  Nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh.  Ng\u00e0y nay, nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, nh\u01b0ng t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.  Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 PandaSilk v\u1eabn t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m cao c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd, s\u1ef1 quan s\u00e1t t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.  T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u thu th\u1eadp t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.  Cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay, t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 sang tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u00f3ng \u00e1nh v\u00e0 sang tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia trong h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef g\u00ecn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, l\u1ea1i mang<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":84281,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37755],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-108601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sericulture-vi","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108601","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108601"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108601\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/84281"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108601"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=108601"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=108601"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}