{"id":108969,"date":"2023-04-10T19:56:50","date_gmt":"2023-04-11T02:56:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/how-is-silk-made-from-cocoon\/"},"modified":"2025-01-12T14:21:09","modified_gmt":"2025-01-12T22:21:09","slug":"how-is-silk-made-from-cocoon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/how-is-silk-made-from-cocoon\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1eeb K\u00e9n T\u01a1 T\u1eb1m \u0110\u1ebfn T\u01a1 T\u1eb1m M\u1ec1m M\u1ea1i: Qu\u00e1 Tr\u00ecnh S\u1ea3n Xu\u1ea5t Tuy\u1ec7t V\u1eddi"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u00f3ng \u1ea3 v\u00e0 sang tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc k\u00e9n nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i t\u1eb1m. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m th\u00e0nh s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n

1. Thu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m<\/h3>\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. K\u00e9n t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch khi t\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea3 h\u1ebft t\u01a1 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 nh\u1ed9ng. K\u00e9n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm hay qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1. K\u00e9n qu\u00e1 non s\u1ebd cho s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu, trong khi k\u00e9n qu\u00e1 gi\u00e0 s\u1ebd cho s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 g\u00e3y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3m tra k\u00e9n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch quan s\u00e1t m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng k\u00e9n c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u00e9n \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Sau khi thu ho\u1ea1ch, k\u00e9n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

2. Ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1ed9ng t\u1eb1m<\/h3>\n

Sau khi thu ho\u1ea1ch, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i t\u01a1. Nh\u1ed9ng t\u1eb1m n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 k\u00e9o th\u00e0nh s\u1ee3i d\u00e0i. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1ed9ng t\u1eb1m, nh\u01b0 lu\u1ed9c, s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4, ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1ed9c v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i t\u01a1.<\/p>\n

3. Ng\u00e2m t\u01a1 v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch s\u1ee3i<\/h3>\n

Sau khi ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1ed9ng, k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m l\u1edbp keo sericin bao b\u1ecdc c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1. L\u1edbp keo n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o nhau trong k\u00e9n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ng\u00e2m gi\u00fap t\u01a1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00e1ch ra. Th\u1eddi gian ng\u00e2m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i t\u01a1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00e9n. Sau khi ng\u00e2m, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi k\u00e9n b\u1eb1ng tay ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u00e0 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y s\u1ee3i t\u01a1.<\/p>\n

4. K\u00e9o s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 se t\u01a1<\/h3>\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u k\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea5n l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 d\u00e0y h\u01a1n, ch\u1eafc h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea5n l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Sau khi k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c se l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9n ch\u1ec9. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh se t\u01a1 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i ch\u1ec9. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 PandaSilk th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ee3i ch\u1ec9 \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

5. D\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i<\/h3>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o v\u00e0 se th\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u01a1, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/th>\nM\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Thu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n<\/td>\nThu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n khi t\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea3 h\u1ebft t\u01a1.<\/td>\nCh\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn k\u00e9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nLo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1.<\/td>\nKi\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ng\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch t\u01a1<\/td>\nNg\u00e2m k\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m l\u1edbp keo sericin, t\u00e1ch s\u1ee3i t\u01a1.<\/td>\nKh\u00e9o l\u00e9o, t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y s\u1ee3i t\u01a1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u00e9o s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 se t\u01a1<\/td>\nK\u00e9o nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t, se th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9n ch\u1ec9.<\/td>\nM\u00e1y m\u00f3c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i ch\u1ec9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i<\/td>\nD\u1ec7t s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 th\u00e0nh v\u1ea3i.<\/td>\nCh\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ec7t, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m t\u1eeb k\u00e9n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa kinh nghi\u1ec7m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc k\u00e9n nh\u1ecf b\u00e9, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd gi\u00e1, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ec7t may tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u01b0 PandaSilk c\u00e0ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u00f3ng \u1ea3 v\u00e0 sang tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc k\u00e9n nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i t\u1eb1m. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m th\u00e0nh s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":89722,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37755],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-108969","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sericulture-vi","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108969","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108969"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108969\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108969"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=108969"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=108969"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}