{"id":109193,"date":"2023-04-08T14:40:26","date_gmt":"2023-04-08T21:40:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/where-does-silk-fabric-come-from\/"},"modified":"2025-01-12T14:30:06","modified_gmt":"2025-01-12T22:30:06","slug":"where-does-silk-fabric-come-from","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/where-does-silk-fabric-come-from\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m: Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u00f3ng \u00e1nh v\u00e0 sang tr\u1ecdng, t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?  C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0: t\u1eeb t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb con t\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Con t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u1ea3 t\u01a1<\/h3>\n<p>T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi lo\u00e0i s\u00e2u t\u1eb1m (Bombyx mori), m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Bombycidae.  Con t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0103n l\u00e1 d\u00e2u.  Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1.  L\u00e1 d\u00e2u t\u01b0\u01a1i, non v\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u00f3ng m\u01b0\u1ee3t, dai v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng cao.  Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, con t\u1eb1m s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ea3 t\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean k\u00e9n.  K\u00e9n t\u1eb1m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 1.500 m\u00e9t.  Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u1ea3 t\u01a1 n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi con t\u1eb1m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc trong k\u00e9n.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m<\/h3>\n<p>Sau khi con t\u1eb1m ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o k\u00e9n, k\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch.  Vi\u1ec7c thu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y s\u1ee3i t\u01a1.  K\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu gom v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.  Sau \u0111\u00f3, k\u00e9n t\u1eb1m s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi k\u00e9n.  Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m l\u1edbp keo d\u00ednh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1, gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch s\u1ee3i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.  Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.  M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1ee5a cao c\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0 PandaSilk, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef g\u00ecn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n<h3>3.  Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i<\/h3>\n<p>Sau khi t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi k\u00e9n, nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 m\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o th\u00e0nh s\u1ee3i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n h\u01a1n.  Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i.  C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xo\u1eafn l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh s\u1ee3i d\u1ec7t.  S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a.  Sau \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i.  M\u00e1y d\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 hoa v\u0103n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.  Ki\u1ec3u d\u1ec7t c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a.<\/p>\n<h3>4.  C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nhau.  Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eb1m, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd.  M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m<\/th>\n<th>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m tr\u1eafng<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u00f3ng \u00e1nh, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m m\u00e0u<\/td>\n<td>M\u00e0u s\u1eafc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb l\u00e1 d\u00e2u, \u00edt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m th\u00f4<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean l\u1edbp keo t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c th\u00f4 r\u00e1p h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m th\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cao c\u1ea5p, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: T\u1eeb con t\u1eb1m nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, sang tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m.  Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i n\u00e0y.  Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1ee5a ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb PandaSilk, l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng qu\u00fd b\u00e1u.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u00f3ng \u00e1nh v\u00e0 sang tr\u1ecdng, t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0: t\u1eeb t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb con t\u1eb1m<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5560,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37755],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-109193","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sericulture-vi","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109193","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109193"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109193\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5560"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109193"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=109193"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=109193"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}