{"id":109393,"date":"2023-04-06T02:10:25","date_gmt":"2023-04-06T09:10:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/how-are-silk-fibres-obtained\/"},"modified":"2025-01-12T14:20:57","modified_gmt":"2025-01-12T22:20:57","slug":"how-are-silk-fibres-obtained","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/how-are-silk-fibres-obtained\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m: Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 qu\u00fd gi\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean xa x\u1ec9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb s\u00e2u t\u01a1 \u2013 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Bombycidae. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao, tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

1. Nu\u00f4i T\u1eb1m v\u00e0 Cho \u0102n L\u00e1 T\u01a1<\/h3>\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m. T\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i trong nh\u1eefng khay ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00e1 d\u00e2u t\u1eb1m t\u01b0\u01a1i, s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 non. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e1 d\u00e2u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1 sau n\u00e0y. T\u1eb1m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. Vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh chu\u1ed3ng nu\u00f4i c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt cho t\u1eb1m. T\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u0103n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trang tr\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 cho t\u1eb1m \u0103n.<\/p>\n

2. Nh\u1ea3 K\u00e9n v\u00e0 Thu Ho\u1ea1ch K\u00e9n T\u01a1<\/h3>\n

Sau kho\u1ea3ng 25-30 ng\u00e0y, t\u1eb1m tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ea3 t\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean k\u00e9n. K\u00e9n t\u01a1 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m. K\u00e9n t\u01a1 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng ng\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng t\u1eb1m. Vi\u1ec7c thu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i k\u00e9n. K\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch khi t\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea3 t\u01a1 v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m y\u00ean b\u00ean trong k\u00e9n. Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m thu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, n\u1ebfu thu ho\u1ea1ch qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm, k\u00e9n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1eafc; n\u1ebfu thu ho\u1ea1ch qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n, t\u1eb1m s\u1ebd h\u00f3a nh\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 k\u00e9n, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1.<\/p>\n

3. Ti\u00eau Di\u1ec7t Nh\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 S\u01a1 Ch\u1ebf K\u00e9n<\/h3>\n

Sau khi thu ho\u1ea1ch, k\u00e9n t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em \u0111i ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01a1 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ea5p, lu\u1ed9c ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4. Sau \u0111\u00f3, k\u00e9n t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u00e9n b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n

4. K\u00e9o S\u1ee3i v\u00e0 X\u1eed L\u00fd T\u01a1<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m. K\u00e9n t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m l\u1edbp keo sericin bao b\u1ecdc c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o ra kh\u1ecfi k\u00e9n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y mong mu\u1ed1n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3. Sau khi k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i, t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u1edbp keo sericin, l\u00e0m cho s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u00f3ng m\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0 PandaSilk, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf sericin \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean cho t\u01a1.<\/p>\n

5. D\u1ec7t V\u1ea3i v\u00e0 S\u1ea3n Xu\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n

Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd, s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em \u0111i d\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh v\u1ea3i. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 d\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng. V\u1ea3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 may m\u1eb7c, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1eddi trang cao c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/th>\nM\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/th>\nTh\u1eddi gian (ng\u00e0y)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m<\/td>\nNu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m, cho \u0103n l\u00e1 d\u00e2u, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c<\/td>\n25-30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Thu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n<\/td>\nThu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n t\u01a1 sau khi t\u1eb1m nh\u1ea3 t\u01a1 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nTi\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong k\u00e9n<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u00e9o s\u1ee3i<\/td>\nK\u00e9o s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 t\u1eeb k\u00e9n, x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u01a1<\/td>\n2-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i<\/td>\nD\u1ec7t s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 th\u00e0nh v\u1ea3i<\/td>\nBi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m. T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m, thu ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9n \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i, m\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf cao. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u01a1 t\u1eb1m, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean xa x\u1ec9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb s\u00e2u t\u01a1 \u2013 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Bombycidae. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ee3i t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao, tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5713,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37755],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-109393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sericulture-vi","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109393"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/109393\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5713"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=109393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=109393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}