{"id":167647,"date":"2025-08-03T01:28:17","date_gmt":"2025-08-03T01:28:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/ancient-chinese-and-japanese-costumes\/"},"modified":"2026-02-17T22:39:43","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T06:39:43","slug":"ancient-chinese-and-japanese-costumes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/ancient-chinese-and-japanese-costumes\/","title":{"rendered":"Trang Ph\u1ee5c C\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec7t n\u00ean t\u1eeb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, tri\u1ebft l\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh \u0111\u00f3. Trang ph\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc minh ch\u1ee9ng cho nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. T\u1eeb \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng ph\u1ea5t ph\u01a1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 th\u1eddi H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp \u00e1o ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u00fd b\u00e0 trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Heian, nh\u1eefng trang ph\u1ee5c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng tinh x\u1ea3o v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng do c\u00f3 chung ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a hai n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed7i b\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u bi\u1ec3u c\u1ea3m. B\u00e0i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a Hanfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 Wafuku Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh, ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ch\u00fang v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd m\u00e0 ch\u00fang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

1. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Hanfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/h3>\n

Hanfu (\u6f22\u670d), ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 “trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n”, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef bao qu\u00e1t ch\u1ec9 trang ph\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n, tr\u1ea3i qua h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Thanh. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1eeb th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng, xoay quanh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hai m\u1ea3nh: \u00e1o tr\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 yi<\/em> (\u8863) v\u00e0 \u00e1o d\u01b0\u1edbi, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u00e1y, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 shang<\/em> (\u88f3). M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 c\u1ed5 ch\u00e9o, lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eaft t\u1eeb ph\u1ea3i qua tr\u00e1i (jiaoling youren<\/em>, \u53f3\u887d). Qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ee7 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

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Th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n (206 TCN \u2013 220 SCN) \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 shenyi<\/em> (\u6df1\u8863), hay “\u00e1o d\u00e0i”, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e2u yi<\/em> v\u00e0 shang<\/em> l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. Trang ph\u1ee5c n\u00e0y mang \u0111\u1eadm \u00fd ngh\u0129a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, v\u1edbi tay \u00e1o ph\u1ea5t ph\u01a1 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng may th\u1eb3ng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho s\u1ef1 ngay th\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng (618\u2013907 SCN) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ho\u00e0ng kim c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 th\u1eddi trang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh tinh th\u1ea7n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tin n\u00e0y. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng T\u01a1 l\u1ee5a mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft m\u1edbi. Trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o v\u00e0 xa hoa h\u01a1n. Ki\u1ec3u ruqun<\/em> (\u8966\u88d9) eo cao, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 trang ph\u1ee5c hai m\u1ea3nh g\u1ed3m \u00e1o c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 v\u00e1y d\u00e0i, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ed5 \u00e1o th\u1ea5p, tay \u00e1o r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t thanh tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\nHanfu th\u1eddi H\u00e1n (VD: Shenyi)<\/th>\nHanfu th\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng (VD: Ruqun)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t<\/strong><\/td>\nB\u1ea3o th\u1ee7, bao b\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trang nghi\u00eam h\u01a1n.<\/td>\nR\u1ed9ng m\u1edf, ph\u1ea5t ph\u01a1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng eo<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/td>\nCao m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7u, bu\u1ed9c ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ef1c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1ed5 \u00e1o<\/strong><\/td>\nKi\u1ec3u c\u1ed5 ch\u00e9o cao.<\/td>\nC\u1ed5 \u00e1o th\u1ea5p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tay \u00e1o<\/strong><\/td>\nR\u1ed9ng v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u1ed5 tay b\u00f3.<\/td>\nTay \u00e1o c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 d\u00e0i, ph\u1ea5t ph\u01a1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/strong><\/td>\nB\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nghi l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd th\u1eddi Chu.<\/td>\nMang t\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng T\u01a1 l\u1ee5a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Sau th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean do ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Minh (1368\u20131644) ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch Hanfu. C\u00e1c trang ph\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 aoqun<\/em> (\u8956\u88d9), m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 g\u1ed3m \u00e1o kho\u00e1c c\u00f3 l\u00f3t (ao<\/em>) v\u00e0 v\u00e1y (qun<\/em>), \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 trang ph\u1ee5c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u00eau th\u00f9a tinh x\u1ea3o, hoa v\u0103n d\u1ec7t (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 zhijin<\/em>), v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 khuy b\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 pankou<\/em>, ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y trong trang ph\u1ee5c sau n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp n\u00e0y sang c\u00e1c trang ph\u1ee5c sau n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 qipao (s\u01b0\u1eddn x\u00e1m) ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a M\u00e3n Ch\u00e2u cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a trang ph\u1ee5c Trung Qu\u1ed1c, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 PandaSilk.com.<\/p>\n

2. Th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Wafuku Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n

Trang ph\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 Wafuku<\/em> (\u548c\u670d), hay “trang ph\u1ee5c Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n”, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ban \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n h\u00f3a quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nara c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (710\u2013794), tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi trang v\u00e0 phong t\u1ee5c th\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Heian ti\u1ebfp theo (794\u20131185), khi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c suy y\u1ebfu, m\u1ed9t th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi j\u016bnihitoe<\/em> (\u5341\u4e8c\u5358), hay “\u00e1o cho\u00e0ng m\u01b0\u1eddi hai l\u1edbp”, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c qu\u00fd b\u00e0 trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1eb7c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u01b0\u1eddi hai l\u1edbp, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed9 trang ph\u1ee5c xa hoa n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng l\u1ee5a (uchigi<\/em>) v\u1edbi m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a m\u00e0u s\u1eafc \u1edf tay \u00e1o, c\u1ed5 \u00e1o v\u00e0 g\u1ea5u \u00e1o. Trang ph\u1ee5c trong c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 kosode<\/em> (\u5c0f\u8896), ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 “tay \u00e1o nh\u1ecf”, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng l\u1ee5a \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a kimono hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

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Ch\u00ednh trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Edo h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng (1603\u20131868), kosode<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00f3t sang trang ph\u1ee5c ngo\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 trang ph\u1ee5c m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn ra l\u00e0 kimono (\u7740\u7269), c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 “th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eb7c”. Chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef T c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng may th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt phi th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng qua nhu\u1ed9m, d\u1ec7t v\u00e0 th\u00eau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a th\u1eaft l\u01b0ng, hay obi<\/em> (\u5e2f). Ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, obi<\/em> tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, d\u00e0i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 trang tr\u00ed c\u00f4ng phu h\u01a1n, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 trang ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng n\u00fat th\u1eaft ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p (musubi<\/em>) \u0111\u1ec3 bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/th>\nM\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Kimono<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00c1o cho\u00e0ng ngo\u00e0i h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef T ch\u00ednh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nagajuban<\/strong><\/td>\nM\u1ed9t \u00e1o kimono l\u00f3t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u00e1o ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed5 \u00e1o.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Obi<\/strong><\/td>\nTh\u1eaft l\u01b0ng r\u1ed9ng bu\u1ed9c quanh eo, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trang tr\u00ed nh\u1ea5t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Obijime<\/strong><\/td>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y trang tr\u00ed bu\u1ed9c tr\u00ean obi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef n\u00f3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Obiage<\/strong><\/td>\nM\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh l\u1ee5a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e9t v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a obi, th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tabi<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1ea5t ng\u00f3n ch\u00e2n t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 mang c\u00f9ng gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Z\u014dri\/Geta<\/strong><\/td>\nD\u00e9p x\u1ecf ng\u00f3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Z\u014dri ph\u1eb3ng, trong khi Geta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ec7 g\u1ed7.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3. Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u, H\u1ecda ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Chung<\/h3>\n

C\u1ea3 trang ph\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 trang tr\u00ed bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. L\u1ee5a l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng cho gi\u1edbi tinh hoa \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1. Gai d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 lanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

M\u00e0u s\u1eafc mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c, m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho ni\u1ec1m vui, may m\u1eafn v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m (khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u s\u1eafc cho \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi), v\u00e0 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh cho tang l\u1ec5. \u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. M\u00e0u t\u00edm \u0111\u1eadm l\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ho\u00e0ng gia v\u00e0 qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c, trong khi m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng tr\u1edf n\u00ean g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 trang ph\u1ee5c c\u00f4 d\u00e2u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecda ti\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng tr\u1ef1c quan v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p theo m\u00f9a. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
H\u1ecda ti\u1ebft<\/th>\nBi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/th>\nBi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
R\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/td>\nQuy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ho\u00e0ng gia, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, v\u1eadn may, Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf.<\/td>\nTh\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, v\u1eadn may.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng (Fenghuang\/H\u014d-\u014d)<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh, duy\u00ean d\u00e1ng, v\u1eadn may, Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu.<\/td>\nHo\u00e0ng gia, \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh, trung th\u00e0nh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u1eabu \u0111\u01a1n<\/strong><\/td>\nGi\u00e0u c\u00f3, th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng, s\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb9p, “Vua c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i hoa”.<\/td>\nV\u1eadn may, d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, danh d\u1ef1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ea1c<\/strong><\/td>\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecd, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, b\u1ea5t t\u1eed.<\/td>\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecd, v\u1eadn may, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hoa anh \u0111\u00e0o (Sakura)<\/strong><\/td>\n– (Hoa m\u1eadn n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt h\u01a1n)<\/td>\nS\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 du c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p, tinh th\u1ea7n samurai (mono no aware).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hoa c\u00fac<\/strong><\/td>\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecd, qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c, m\u00f9a thu.<\/td>\nTr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecd, tr\u1ebb h\u00f3a, \u1ea4n tri\u1ec7n Ho\u00e0ng gia Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

4. C\u00e1i nh\u00ecn so s\u00e1nh: H\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 Ph\u00e2n k\u1ef3<\/h3>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Wafuku Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Hanfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c, hai truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng trang ph\u1ee5c c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c nhau. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn\u2014c\u00e1c \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp, c\u00e1ch v\u1eaft t\u1eeb ph\u1ea3i qua tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 tay \u00e1o r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nara l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng vang tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi trang th\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7u h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. Hanfu ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c trang ph\u1ee5c tr\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Wafuku Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng may th\u1eb3ng\u2014kimono\u2014m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd. Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac sang trang tr\u00ed b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t c\u0169ng ph\u00e2n k\u1ef3. Th\u1eddi trang th\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f4n vinh m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng ph\u1ea5t ph\u01a1, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 phi th\u1ef1c, trong khi kimono th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Edo t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t c\u1ed9t thu\u00f4n, g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, n\u01a1i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh cho ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u, v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfc obi<\/em> c\u00f4ng phu t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\nHanfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/th>\nKimono Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (T\u1eeb th\u1eddi Edo tr\u1edf \u0111i)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/td>\nCh\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 hai m\u1ea3nh (\u00e1o tr\u00ean\/v\u00e1y) ho\u1eb7c \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb, h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef T, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng may th\u1eb3ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t<\/strong><\/td>\nThay \u0111\u1ed5i theo tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i; th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea5t ph\u01a1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9.<\/td>\nH\u00ecnh c\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1eb3ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng tay \u00e1o v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp.<\/td>\nH\u1ecda ti\u1ebft b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc obi c\u00f4ng phu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u00e1ch c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong><\/td>\nCh\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y l\u01b0ng (dai<\/em>).<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc th\u1eaft l\u01b0ng r\u1ed9ng, trang tr\u00ed (obi<\/em>) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/strong><\/td>\nR\u1ea5t n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/td>\nH\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a; s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00e1ng l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Hanfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng theo tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, n\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. Kimono Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 tinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. C\u1ea3 hai truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111i\u00eau luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 d\u1ec7t may v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta m\u1eb7c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 ai, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 thanh l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thu h\u00fat v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trang ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec7t n\u00ean t\u1eeb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, tri\u1ebft l\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh \u0111\u00f3. Trang ph\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":163670,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37730],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-167647","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faqs-vi","prodpage-classic"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/167647","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=167647"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/167647\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/163670"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=167647"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=167647"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pandasilk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=167647"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}