Silkworm Disease Management

Aiming at the cause and occurrence of various silkworm diseases, effective methods and measures to reduce and prevent the occurrence of silkworm diseases shall be implemented. In the production of sericulture, the prevention and control of silkworm disease is the main focus. The measures to control silkworm disease are as follows:

Reasonable distribution of disease prevention in silkworm area

Two issues should be paid attention to in the layout planning of the silkworm area:

The first is to avoid setting up brick and tile factories and other pollutant factories in the silkworm area as much as possible. Pay attention to the distance between the mulberry field and the grain field to prevent the mulberry field from being poisoned by fluoride and other harmful substances and pesticide pollution. .

Second, the layout between the mulberry garden and the silkworm chambers and auxiliary chambers should meet the following conditions:

1. Clean water source to ensure safe and clean water for sericulture;
2. Special silkworm chambers, large and small silkworms are reared in separate chambers, and small silkworms are raised together to reduce the size. Silkworm disease transmission among silkworms;
3. Sanitary mulberry storage room to ensure that mulberry leaves are not contaminated by pathogens;
4. Isolated upper mulberry room, where the mulberry site is seriously polluted by pathogens, should be isolated, and clean and disinfection should be done to prevent the spread of pathogens ;
5. Silkworm excrement should be composted away from the silkworm house, and it is strictly forbidden to pile silkworm excrement anywhere.

Strictly remove the source of disease, disinfect and prevent disease

1. Remove the source of disease: In the process of sericulture, the silkworm house and its surroundings are often contaminated by disease sources such as dead silkworms and silkworm dung, which will become the source of infection for silkworm diseases in the future. Therefore, the inside and outside of the silkworm house must be cleaned and washed before and after raising silkworms to remove the source of disease.
2. Disinfection of silkworm and silkworm utensils: Use formaldehyde, bleaching powder and other disinfectants to eliminate all kinds of silkworm disease pathogens in the silkworm house and on silkworm utensils.
3. Pay attention to the sanitation of the silkworm house: During the sericulture period, keep clean and hygienic to prevent the infection of silkworm disease caused by the movement of people and silkworms to bring pathogens into the silkworm house and mulberry storage room. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent infection within the silkworm constellation and egg surface infection.
4. Prevent the infection of pests in mulberry gardens: The diseased corpses and dung of pests in mulberry gardens contaminate mulberry leaves, causing silkworm infections. Therefore, timely killing pests in mulberry fields is also an important measure for disease prevention.
5. The application of biological pesticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis and Penicillium bacteria in the silkworm area should also be controlled to prevent silkworm poisoning.

Breeding and application of resistant varieties

The resistance of different varieties of silkworm to various silkworm diseases is obviously different. A batch of varieties with strong resistance to nuclear polyhedrosis, cytoplasmic polyhedrosis, densopathia, viral softening disease, aspergillosis, particulate disease, apoplexy, and sodium fluoride poisoning have been found. For the future breeding of silkworm disease resistance. Some disease-resistant silkworm varieties can be used in production if their economic characteristics meet the production requirements, which can effectively reduce the prevalence of certain silkworm diseases to a certain extent.

Improve sericulture technology and enhance the physique of silkworms

In addition to certain external conditions, the infection of silkworm disease pathogens is also restricted by the disease resistance of silkworm bodies. To enhance the physique of silkworms, the following measures can be taken:

1. Control the microclimate environment of sericulture; focus on improving the high humidity and high temperature and unfavorable breeding environmental conditions during the sericulture period, pay attention to the normal circulation of air in the silkworm house, and give the silkworms appropriate ecological conditions as much as possible to enhance their physique , Reduce the occurrence of silkworm disease.
2. Give fresh and high-quality mulberry leaves: The quality of mulberry leaves is closely related to the occurrence of softening disease and virus disease, especially the mulberry used for small silkworms is more important, and the nutritional needs of silkworms must be met in quantity and quality.
3. Pay attention to dormancy treatment: the signs of diseased silkworms are often revealed by the phenomenon of uneven dormancy of each instar silkworm. It must be treated strictly in batches to protect a large number of healthy silkworms, eliminate weak silkworms that are underdeveloped, and prevent the next instar silkworm from being in the seat. Of silkworm disease.

Strengthen the pre-examination and diagnosis of silkworm disease

In order to prevent the occurrence of silkworm disease as early as possible, various pathogens can be pre-checked and predicted before silkworm rearing. The centrifugal sediments of various samples are examined with a microscope, and the detection objects are pathogens such as polyhedrosis virus, microscopic spores, fungal spores and bacteria. If conditions permit, the samples can also be cultured for fungi and bacteria. If pathogens are found inside and outside the silkworm house through the pre-inspection, additional cleaning and disinfection should be carried out based on the density, type and location of the detected pathogens. At the same time, it can also make early identification and diagnosis of silkworm diseases that occur in the process of sericulture, and carry out silkworm disease prediction. According to the type, degree and time of silkworm disease, emergency measures shall be taken or disease prevention measures shall be strengthened to reduce the harm and loss of silkworm disease.